CCN-51: Is it an advantageous variety of cocoa beans or a dangerous single crop? 【foodaily】

C CN-51
can produce up to four times as much as some good flavor varieties, but will it harm the interests and reduce the quality of native cocoa varieties in Latin America? Images from
iStock/Robert Kacpuraand chocolate industry practitioners highlight the advantages and weaknesses of the high-yielding cocoa variety
CCN-51
. What role should this species play in promoting sustainable development in the industry?cocoa varieties
CCN-51
are resistant to fungal diseases and can produce four times as much as Latin American varieties such as
Nacional
.A
2014 Wall Street Journal article titled "The Status of Cocoa Cocoa Supply relief" noted that the
CCN-51
, a cocoa variety reminiscent of the robots in Star Wars, may alleviate a previously predicted shortage of cocoa.But some supply chain members say that in some countries
CCN-51
is at risk of becoming a single crop, and they also believe that this variety will cause farmers to ignore those with good flavor, thereby reducing cocoa quality in Latin America.Powder: "Disaster in Ecuador Coleccion Castro Naranjal
(
CCN-51
)
20th
60
Developed in Ecuador in the
by
Homer Castro
, it was not widely grown in the country until the
1997-1998-
El Ni?o completely destroyed the cultivation of the country's high-quality indigenous crops.think it's become a disaster
Ecuador,"
Pire Costet, a master of cocoa powder, said in an interview. Ten , Ecuador produced only 80,000 tons
cocoa
a year. This year, their production will reach nearly
2.
4 million tons, mainly
CCN-51
a hybrid of very poor quality cocoa and chocolate. Somebelieve that
CCN-51
cocoa powder can be mixed with high-quality varieties to make high-quality chocolate.The problem is

CCN -51
inducing farmers to abandon native varieties
Arriba
," said
Costet
, an abandoned

.varieties

ASE ) account for
37% of cocoa production
, but are now being overtaken by
CCN-51
.
2015
a 2015 U.S. Department of Agriculture report showed that
CCN-51
production has reached
36%
."Unfortunately
many small producers have abandoned their native varieties in order to grow
CCN-51," costet
. Today, Ecuador's cocoa revenues are the same as C?te d'Ivoire's. He : "Ten years ago, Ecuador's
Arrriba
on the London market sold for more than
500
a tonne. Now if you want to buy
Arriba
, the price per ton is
150
pounds. Prices are falling rapidly because quality is no longer.he says suppliers often mix
Arriba
beans with
CCN-51
to make them hard enough to ensure consistent quality for chocolate producers.quality isbut can smallholder farmers make up for the loss of local cocoa beans with high-yielding
CCN-51
varieties?"I don
think so," Costet said. In fact, the increase in income is country-specific. The price of Ecuador's cocoa beans has fallen by
30%
a decade, but exports are three times what they were a decade ago... The real question is to figure out whether it will benefit small producers, which is not the case.said Ecuador would benefit from
CCN-51
in the next three to five years, but he also believed it would undermine the quality of Ecuador's reputation.Commercial cultivation of CCN-51
Agency
Hardman Agribusiness
) called
CCN-51
"the world's most famous cocoa variety" in a report entitled "The Damage Caused by Chocolate".the report predicts that future demand for cocoa will be met by professional sectors in Latin America, the first of which is the cultivation of
CCN-51
.the report interviewed cocoa industry executives, who said the
CCN-51
had the potential to produce
3,
tonnes per hectare - well above the global average of
0.5
tonnes in
in 2013
.report says emerging plantations in Latin America now typically grow
30-40%
of good-flavoured cocoa and
60-70%
of multi-product varieties
-
usually
CCN-51
.recently acquired the
485
-hectare Ecuadorian Cocoa Farm
La Chola
Estate, which was the first to grow
CCN-51
in addition to some of the best flavours.Technoserve
said the
CCN-51
has advantages but is becoming a single cropthe non-profit
Technoserve
says
CCN-51
is good for smallholder farmers, but warns that in some countries it has become a single species and is a risk to farmers.the organization says farmers must grow
CCN-51
varieties at the same time to combat pests, diseases and price fluctuations.Victor Ganoza

, head of
Peru at Technoserve, a group that grows cocoa with good flavor, needs a way to enter the market.I'm a small farmer, and if I can't ferment well and the farm is in the mountains of Peru, then I shouldn't be growing these delicious cocoa beans, " he says. So how do I get into the market? Losses and logistics will cost me my life. " we want smallholder farmers to grow high-quality cocoa, we have to have a plan," he said.Cargies:
CCN-51
Need more research said
Taco Terheijden, head of sustainable cocoa at Cargies
asked if
CCN-51
had been proven to be beneficial to smallholder farmers, he said: "If there is, I think it is a case, it may apply to a particular location, country or region, but I would not conclude that the industry would benefit from it." And if so, it should be made easier for all of us to benefit.said Cargies would not buy
CCN-51
in large quantities, and that improving the quality of cocoa, not quantity, had been the focus of recent world cocoa conferences in the Dominican Republic.cargy company questions the changes in Cocoa in Latin Americabut will Cargies' future purchasing strategy focus on the quality of cocoa with good flavor or the number of high-quality products? "Assuming that most of the cocoa we procure and use must come from C?te d'Ivoire or West Africa, I don't think it will have too many new varieties, but most of them will be improved and restored varieties of existing hybrids or seedlings. Taco Terheijden
said: "We can get more recovery through better technology or innovation and bring it into our supply chain, and that's what Cargica's future holds." he also believes that the balance of global cocoa production may change slightly, but if Latin America starts competing with Africa for the status of a major cocoa producing region, it will be a social drama (causing social problems). : "We want West Africa to be the dominant force in the cocoa industry for a long time to come." The of this article is
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