Care for a touch of green: Fungicide Summit Forum detonates "explosive" industry

July 20-21, the "Green Fungicide and Crop Health Summit Forum" and the 2016 Plant Protection Product Contribution Award and Promotion Award Ceremony co-sponsored by the Plant Protection Product Promotion Committee of the Chinese Plant Protection Society and the "Agricultural Resources Guide" of China Chemical Industry News "The meeting was grandly held.
Authoritative experts in the fields of "management, production, learning, research, and promotion" were invited to talk about the green development of fungicides and crop health.
It attracted more than 300 representatives from more than 200 domestic companies to participate
.
Zhou Puguo, Director of the Institute of Pesticide Inspection, Ministry of Agriculture, Wei Qiwen, Secretary of the Party Committee of the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Cui Xuejun, President of China Chemical Industry News, Zheng Yongquan, Chairman of the Plant Protection Product Promotion Working Committee of the Chinese Society of Plant Protection, and Deputy Director of the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Leaders such as Liu Xili, Chairman of the Chemical Prevention and Control Committee of the Chinese Society of Phytopathology, attended and delivered speeches.
The meeting received strong support from Jiangsu Suyan, Adama, Lomon Fusheng, Zhongbao Lvnong, Mingde Lida, and Shandong Kangqiao! Professor Yang Song from Guizhou University, a Yangtze River scholar, participated in the conference and introduced the research and development of crop health-oriented immune activators: The whole process of healthy cultivation of crops is based on crops as the core, based on growth and development needs, combined with growth environment and other factors to develop a set that covers the whole process of plant growth.
The measures have the advantages of economic safety of agricultural inputs, resource conservation, environmental friendliness, and ecological priority
.
At present, China’s agriculture is still facing the dual pressure of heavy pest control tasks and reduction of pesticide input.
The homogeneity of pesticide products on the market is serious and the structure is unreasonable.
The main reduction measures are non-pesticide measures and lack of high-efficiency and low-toxicity.
Pesticide products
.
In response to these problems, it is of great significance to accelerate the industrialization of immune inducers and the research and development of applied technologies, and to promote the whole-process immune regulation with the goal of crop health
.
At present, the typical products that have been studied in China include natural gibberellin, brassinolide, amino-oligosaccharin, chitosan, etc.
, among which 54 are registered products of amino-oligosaccharin and 40 are registered products of brassinolide
.
Aiming at tea trees, fruit trees, rice, Chinese medicine, tobacco, etc.
, the innovative products researched by the team of Academician Song Baoan of Guizhou University, Toxic fluorophosphate, Vc, vanillin, and sea-islandin are the current good immune inducers to fight disease and stress.
Increase production and improve quality have a good effect and application prospects
.
Guizhou University proposes to speed up the industrialization of immune inducers and regulators and the research and development of application technologies, promote the innovation and application of green fungicides characterized by pesticide reduction and crop health-oriented full-process immune control; promote the integration of enterprises and universities to develop high efficiency Immunization inducers and the use of technology, increase the market share of immune inducers, and produce "blockbuster" internationally famous varieties; emphasizing the combination of "agronomic measures, ecological prevention and control, physical prevention and control, and chemical reduction prevention and control" Comprehensive prevention and control integration, to achieve "green prevention and control, chemical reduction prevention and control emergency"; promote the construction of green immune decoy plant protection technology and system, and provide a full-process immune solution for the prevention and control of major diseases and insect pests represented by regional and crop health Scheme
.
Zhang Wenjun, deputy chief agronomist of the Institute of Pesticide Control, Ministry of Agriculture, explained the changes in pesticide import and export policies under the new "Pesticide Management Regulations".
Regarding the import and export pesticide management policies, the newly revised "Pesticide Management Regulations" clarified in Chapter 2 Article 7 It is pointed out that the country implements a pesticide registration system
.
Pesticide production enterprises and enterprises that export pesticides to China shall apply for pesticide registration in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
Chapter 4 Pesticide Management Article 29, prohibits the import of pesticides that have not obtained a pesticide registration certificate
.
The relevant documents shall be presented in accordance with the regulations of the General Administration of Customs in handling the customs declaration procedures for the import and export of pesticides
.
This has laid a good foundation for pesticide management
.
In the draft of the "Requirements for Pesticide Registration Information", the first one is to clarify the definition of pesticides only for overseas use: new pesticides that have been registered for use abroad but have not been registered in China, or cannot be registered according to relevant regulations , Pesticide manufacturers can apply for registration for overseas use only
.
The second is to stipulate the requirements.
In Chapter 10, we specifically provide specific regulations for the registration of pesticides for overseas use only
.
See Annex 15 for specific registration information requirements .
The third is to distinguish pesticide registration codes.
Provisional registration will no longer accept new applications from June 1.
The future PD is the product category code, and the product category code for sanitary pesticides is WP, which is only for product categories that use pesticides overseas.
Code is JD
.
What needs to be clear is that it is only for the registration of pesticides for overseas use.
There are no specific requirements for the efficacy, residues, environment, and labeling of the product formulations involved.
There is no need to provide them.
Only the registered materials for overseas use and domestic use The materials are completely different
.
Senior agronomists Shao Zhenrun and Liang Diyun, extension researchers of the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, analyzed the current status of China's major crop diseases in recent years
.
According to statistics, there are more than 300 kinds of crop diseases in China.
From 2014 to 2015, the area of ​​crop diseases in China was more than 1.
7 billion acres, and about 7.
6 tons of pesticides were used for disease prevention and control
.
The occurrence of the disease showed four characteristics: First, the common disease recurred year after year, the rice sheath blight recurrence in southern rice areas, and the occurrence of rice sheath blight in northern rice areas, especially in northeastern rice areas, was aggravated
.
Common diseases such as wheat sheath blight and powdery mildew have a wide range and large area.
The average annual area this year is 250 million mu, 120 million mu and 110 million mu
.
The second is the steady occurrence of epidemic diseases
.
In recent years, wheat stripe rust has been treated in districts and early drug control has been implemented.
In spring epidemic areas such as Huanghuaihai and other spring-endemic areas, the standard has been implemented for unified prevention, and it has been mildly occurring for five consecutive years
.
Third, the damage of rice bacterial leaf blight, bacterial leaf streak, bakanae disease, wheat yellow dwarf disease, bunt smut, wheat rot disease, and corn spot disease has recovered
.
The fourth is the occurrence of quarantine diseases.
In recent years, quarantine diseases such as citrus yellow dragon disease, cucumber green mottle mosaic disease, and banana fusarium wilt have occurred in some places
.
In recent years, with the widespread planting of susceptible hybrid japonica and hybrid indica varieties, the spread of bacterial leaf blight and streak disease of rice has caused the spread of disease and the continuous expansion of disease areas.
This poses a serious threat to the high and stable production of rice in China and is worthy of attention
.
Wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight, head blight, corn spot disease, potato late blight, etc.
are at risk of epidemic
.
In order to cope with the new situation and new challenges, Shao Zhenrun suggested the following countermeasures: 1.
Study and implement the "Regulations" and use drugs in accordance with the law.
2.
Do a good job in biological and ecological prevention and control to reduce drug use.
3.
Change the current situation of excessive dependence on pesticides.
4.
Strengthen training and improve drug use.
Establishing training is the concept of promotion.
5.
Unified prevention and governance, socialized services, and changing the status quo of scattered spraying
.
6.
Promoting new types of medical equipment, increasing utilization, precise application, and low-volume spraying .
Chen Liping from the Department of Pharmacodynamics of the Institute of Pesticide Control of the Ministry of Agriculture gave an introduction from three aspects: the registration overview of the fungicide, the evaluation of the efficacy and the management policy
.
Overview of fungicide registration: There are more than 1,200 fungicide manufacturers in China
.
The crops with the most fungicide registrations are food crops, followed by vegetables and fruit trees
.
As of October last year, more than 9,200 fungicides have been registered, of which 3,173 are mixtures
.
Among them, triazoles, methoxy acrylates, and SDHIs products are still hotspots for registration; ultra-efficient varieties continue to emerge, and biologically derived fungicides such as microorganisms, plant sources, pesticides and antibiotics are developing rapidly; independent research and development varieties continue to increase , Such as toxic fluorophos, phenoxystrobin, chloroxystrobin, etc.
: The main categories of fungicides registration mainly include experimental data and review data.
The experimental data are mainly indoor tests and field tests, mixed Purpose and meaning need to provide a separate report, not just mentioned in the abstract
.
New registration management policies and data requirements: Policy adjustments require separate requirements for characteristic small crops, and the scope of characteristic small crops is regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture
.
For those who have been registered on other crops and applied to expand the registration on special small crops, the efficacy test can be completed in one year, and there are no less than 3 field efficacy test points
.
For special case filing management, special minor crops or new pests of pesticides that have not yet been registered, the provincial agricultural department shall take temporary measures under the premise that the risks are controllable, and file with the Ministry of Agriculture
.
Regional test report For pesticides, biological pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant pesticides used in the field, more than 3 agro-ecological areas need to be provided, and chemical pesticides need to provide more than 2 reports from provincial administrative regions
.
The third need to add new drug efficacy data is the comprehensive evaluation report
.
The third aspect is the changes in the efficacy data.
There is a relatively large reduction policy in the field community.
The first is to make it clear that the two-year trial can be completed in two production seasons within two or one year
.
The second is to provide a one-year report for new formulations, new content, and similar pesticides if no new control targets are involved
.
For products of the same preparation that do not involve new control targets, there is no need to submit a field efficacy test report.
The manufacturer recommends the product dosage and related use technology by itself, and it is reflected on the label
.
Another change is that the test site is selected by the company by referring to the "List of Featured Small Crop Pesticide Registration and Efficacy Test Groups"
.
Chen Liping emphasized that the new information requirements have not yet been finalized, and the registration information requirements are subject to the final release of the "Pesticide Registration Information Requirements"
.
Professor Liu Xili, chairman of the Chemical Control Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Phytopathology, shared with the delegates the classification of the mechanism of action of fungicides released by the International Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) in 2017, and introduced the control spectrum of several important fungicides.
, Targets and management strategies for pathogen resistance
.
She said that chemical control still occupies a very important position in comprehensive pest control measures
.
Mastering the mechanism of action, control spectrum, mode of action, resistance risk and resistance mechanism of different fungicides and other pharmaceutical characteristics are important guarantees for the scientific use of fungicides in disease control and delaying the emergence of resistance of pathogens
.
Chemical agents are a broad concept.
In addition to agents with antibacterial and bactericidal effects, they also include some plant immune activators and plant-derived pesticides.
The rational and synergistic use of different control measures and different types of agents can improve the quality and efficiency of disease control.
And the reduction of chemical agents are both meaningful
.
Liu Xili said that in the process of chemical prevention and control of diseases, the development of drug resistance is a problem that cannot be ignored in the use of fungicides.

.
As early as more than 30 years ago, the authoritative organization "Fungicide Resistance Action Committee" (FRAC) was established internationally and gradually formed different working groups to professionally carry out the evaluation, monitoring and resistance management of fungicide resistance.
Relevant research and information sharing such as drug resistance mechanism
.
In addition, Liu Xili emphasized that people usually think that the bactericidal spectrum of a class of compounds with similar chemical structures (such as triazole fungicides, methoxyacrylate fungicides) may be the same, but in fact, studies have found that the same type of fungicides are different The germicidal spectrum of products will vary greatly
.
Therefore, in order to determine the control target of a new compound, it must be confirmed through rigorous biological activity tests, rather than simply analogy to the bactericidal spectrum of existing similar products
.
At the same time, studies have also found that although some fungicides have different compound structures, they have the same target in pathogens.
After such two agents are used in combination or in rotation, they will accelerate the development of drug resistance and affect the effect of disease prevention and control.
Avoid these misunderstandings in production
.
Liu Xili believes that carrying out the resistance risk assessment of new pesticides and combining the research results of resistance mechanisms and action mechanisms to formulate scientific crop disease management plans in the field, rationally rotating the use of pesticides and scientific compounding, is useful for guiding pesticide companies Product promotion and delaying the emergence of drug resistance and resistance management all play a very important role
.
Researcher Cao Aocheng from the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduced soil-borne disease prevention and control techniques and underground application of fungicides
.
He said that soil-borne diseases have a wide range of occurrences, many types, difficult to predict, rapid spread, difficult to treat, and great harm
.
General soil-borne diseases cause a 20%-40% reduction in yield, and severe yield reductions by more than 60% or even no harvest
.
Due to the lack of effective control technology, farmers often use chemical pesticides to irrigate soil-borne diseases and insect pests, which not only causes soil deterioration, but also easily leads to excessive pesticide residues and groundwater pollution, such as the “poisonous ginger” in Weifang in 2012 and the “poisonous leek” in Qingdao in 2014 "The incident was caused by farmers using the banned pesticide Aldicarb.

.
The treatment of soil-borne diseases is very difficult.
The difficulty lies in: it is difficult to early warning, once it occurs, it spreads rapidly; it is difficult to cultivate crop varieties resistant to a variety of soil-borne diseases; the stability of biological control is relatively poor, and it is difficult to promote
.
Therefore, prevention is the most important measure to control soil-borne diseases
.
At present, some feasible soil-borne disease prevention and control methods include: using chloropicrin, linlong and other products to fumigate and disinfect the soil; according to local natural conditions, use resistant varieties, grafting and other agricultural control techniques; solar disinfection, flame disinfection, Physical control technologies such as hot water disinfection and steam disinfection; the combined use of biological fumigation, anaerobic disinfection, biological control agents such as Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and other biological agents; crop rotation can be used if economic conditions permit.
In particular, paddy and dry rotation is an effective measure to prevent and control soil-borne diseases
.
Si Naiguo, a professor-level senior engineer at Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, introduced the research and development of innovative pesticides in recent years
.
In recent years, multinational agrochemical giants have carried out a series of reorganizations around the field of biotechnology
.
With the development of biotechnology, great changes have taken place in pesticide innovation
.
The research and development of new fungicides in China began in the 1970s (carbendazim, jinggangmycin), and the independent creation and R&D with intellectual property rights started in the 1990s (flumorph, pyridine? Esters).
At present, China has a relatively complete new pesticide research and development system and new pesticide research and development capabilities, and presents a new development direction
.
The development of innovative fungicides is gradually changing from state support to independent research and development; from discovery-oriented to market-oriented
.
While the creation capacity is increasing year by year, there are still some problems in the creation and development of new fungicides, such as unreasonable resource matching in the research and development system (compound synthesis, activity screening, production technology, preparation processing)
.
Too much attention was paid to early discoveries, and there was too little investment in the in-depth mining of compounds and the subsequent development of products
.
In terms of activity screening of new compounds, due to the limitations of conditions, most units use in vitro bactericidal activity screening
.
These still need to be further developed and improved
.
Biological activity screening and application technology research play a vital role in the development of new fungicides, and are the key to the product's market launch
.
Professor Chen Jie from the School of Agriculture and Biology of Shanghai Jiaotong University said that safe production of crops is a major livelihood issue for China's food security and the supply of vegetables and fruits
.
Factors such as global warming, increasing frequency of extreme climates, and changes in cultivation methods have caused the occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests to become more and more serious
.
Biological control is one of the key technologies to solve the green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests
.
Trichoderma is one of the most important biological control fungi for plant diseases in the world, and has become the main biological control resource microorganism for the prevention and control of plant soil-borne diseases in the world
.
S-induction is an active substance that efficiently regulates plant growth and plays an important role in improving crop quality, stress resistance and yield
.
The synergistic use of the two is expected to become an important measure for crop disease prevention, stress resistance, yield increase and agricultural production "drug reduction and weight loss"
.
According to Professor Chen Jie, Sichuan Longmang Fusheng Technology Co.
, Ltd.
is one of the first domestic enterprises to realize the industrialization of S-induction.
It has established the world's first liquid fermentation production S-induction tank production line.
Has a number of invention patents
.
Shanghai Jiaotong University has done a lot of work in the basic research of Trichoderma biological control of crop diseases and the development of biological control products
.
The study found that Trichoderma and S-inducin have good complementary advantages and compatibility.
The synergistic use of the two can realize the systematic induction of plant disease resistance and stress resistance, strengthen seedlings and roots, and improve fertilizer utilization.
Efficiency, repair soil, regulate crop growth and development (coloring, flower bud differentiation) and other multiple functions
.
S-induction factor played a role in enhancing the activity of Trichoderma biocontrol factors
.
Guan Aiying, a senior engineer of Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, explained the current status of new pesticide creation and important foreign fungicide varieties
.
In 2015, the world's pesticide market sales of 51.
2 billion US dollars, the market share of fungicides and insecticides is equivalent, one is 27%, the other is 28%
.
Judging from the market forecast for 2020, the growth rate of fungicides is relatively high, reaching 3.
4%.
By 2020, the global pesticide market can reach 58.
6 billion U.
S.
dollars
.
Generally speaking, the research and development time of a drug is at least 10 years, more than 140,000 compounds need to be screened, and the total cost is 200 million euros
.
At present, innovative pesticides at home and abroad can be divided into 6 levels as a whole, namely known compounds, known intermediate uses/new uses; compounds within the scope of the patent me too/me better, that is, selective invention; compounds outside the scope of the patent me too; compound me better outside the scope of the patent; new structure Me? First/first in class; the highest one is the new mechanism first in class
.
To a certain extent, the level of innovation determines the position of future products in the market
.
After that, Guan Aiying introduced the method of derivatization of intermediates to create a unique multi-effect product structure of syringosin, which has excellent effects on grasses, broadleaf, sedge and glyphosate resistant weeds, 3356.
, The latest research progress of low-toxic and high-efficiency fungicide pyrimidinamine compounds, it can be said that this is a breakthrough in the field of new pesticide creation
.
Finally, a number of key varieties such as SDHI are listed
.
Speaking of the harmful characteristics of aflatoxin, Ma Zhonghua, director of the Institute of Biotechnology of Zhejiang University, concluded: First, it is common, corn, peanuts, meat and dairy products, and traditional Chinese medicine are all harmed to varying degrees; secondly, residues in the food chain The problem cannot be ignored; in addition, it is one of the important predisposing factors for liver cancer; in the end, the loss caused is huge.
Take the United States as an example, the direct loss of this toxin to the United States reaches 1 billion US dollars a year
.
The current technological progress in the prevention and control of aflatoxin pollution, Professor Ma said: "In recent years, the United States has successfully developed and used non-toxin-producing Aspergillus flavus biocontrol strains to successfully prevent and control aflatoxin pollution problems such as nuts, peanuts, cottonseeds, and corn.

.
On the basis of learning from the experience of the United States, its team staff successfully screened a highly competitive, non-toxin-producing biocontrol strain AF051 from more than 3,000 Aspergillus flavus strains isolated from China, and a wheat-based AF051 bacterial agent , Spread on the field during peanut flowering or corn tasseling period, with a dosage of 1.
5 kg per mu, and manage it in accordance with conventional planting methods after application
.
Many years of multi-point tests have shown that the anti-aflatoxin effect of the fungus on peanuts and corn is more than 60%
.
The biocontrol agent has the advantages of convenient use, non-toxicity, environmental and ecological safety, etc.
, and plays an important role in the prevention and control of aflatoxins in agricultural products
.
In addition, due to climate change, changes in farming systems, and lack of disease-resistant varieties, wheat head blight is increasing in China.
The disease not only severely affects wheat yield, but also causes the accumulation of multiple mycotoxins (especially vomiting toxins) in wheat grains.
, Poses a serious threat to human and animal health
.
For this reason, Professor Ma reminded that the current chemical control is an important method for the prevention and control of head blight, but some drugs can stimulate the synthesis of toxins at sublethal concentrations
.
Therefore, toxins must be considered when preventing and controlling head blight, and the development and use of anti-disease and virus-inhibiting agents has important practical significance for the prevention and control of head blight and its toxins
.
Researcher Wang Wenqiao from the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences explained the meaning of the safety risks of fungicides, the safety of fungicides to plants, how to control the safety risks of fungicides, how to use fungicides safely and rationally, and how to reduce safety risks.
The safety of fungicides
.
Remind farmers to pay attention to the following points when using fungicides: First, when using fungicides, avoid applying them under high temperature and humidity conditions, especially when applying copper preparations and lime-sulfur mixtures
.
In greenhouses and under high temperature and humidity conditions, it is necessary to use copper-containing bactericides with caution, avoid spraying the crops when the dew is not dry to prevent phytotoxicity; second, copper preparations and other bactericides should be avoided with acidic or alkaline compounds (Lime sulfur mixture, turpentine mixture, mineral oil, etc.
) mixed or used within a few days; finally, avoid applying the pesticide on sensitive crops
.
For example, crops such as Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae and grapes are sensitive to Ca2+.
Bordeaux mixture is generally not used on these crops.

.
For reducing the safety risks of fungicides, Wang Wenqiao put forward four suggestions: First, strengthen the research of alternative technologies for non-chemical prevention and control, and develop and utilize new safety and environmental protection technologies and new varieties
.
For some explosive or epidemic diseases, in addition to the selection of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-risk chemical agents, chemical control should be organically combined with non-chemical control techniques such as the selection of disease-resistant varieties, ecological control, and biological control; second, use pesticides Registration is an opportunity to establish and improve the basic database of fungicides, including pesticide residue analysis, impact on non-target organisms, target pathogen resistance risk assessment, acute (chronic) toxicity analysis data; third, through the development of perfect standards, especially Residue standards, strengthen the safety evaluation of fungicides; fourth, increase publicity and law enforcement, strengthen public awareness of fungicides safety risks, and let pesticide users and consumers understand the safety risks of pesticides, objectively evaluate safety risks, and consciously Use medicines safely, consume with confidence, and avoid risks
.
Chen Chang, general manager of China Insurance Green Agriculture Group, said that Beijing China Insurance Green Agriculture Technology Group Co.
, Ltd.
is the only high-tech enterprise directly affiliated to the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Based on the two core strategic development directions of biological pesticides and Internet +, the group strives to achieve annual sales of single biological pesticides exceeding RMB 100 million in three years
.
In the big family of biological pesticides, Atelene is a very representative product
.
As an innovative protein pesticide from the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, it has a unique mode of action and no cross-resistance.
It can not only induce plant resistance mechanisms and repair damaged plants, but the key is to improve its own disease resistance and systematically control plant bacteria.
, Fungi, and comprehensive diseases, with outstanding effects on the prevention and control of virus diseases
.
After Ateling was registered in 2014, its sales in the first year reached 70 million yuan and increased to 85 million yuan in the second year
.
Regarding the future development of Arteling, the group's plan is very clear.
First, continue to expand the registration of new varieties; second, actively expand overseas markets
.