Can't the new crown vaccine be played? How do I call? Where to fight... Inoculation thirty questions

At present, the significance of vaccination of key population groups, on the one hand, plays a protective role in this part of the population, on the other hand, it is conducive to "external defense input, internal defense rebound", is conducive to China's overall epidemic prevention and control.
At this stage, the key groups of new coronavirus vaccination mainly include those engaged in import cold chain, port quarantine, ship piloting, air traffic, fresh market, public transportation, medical disease control and other industries with a higher risk of infection;
necessary.
On the one hand, almost everyone in our country does not have immunity against the new coronavirus, the new coronavirus is susceptible, after the onset of infection, some people will develop into critical illness, or even cause death.
, on the one hand, the vast majority of people can obtain immunity, on the other hand, through orderly vaccination of the new coronavirus vaccine, the population can gradually establish an immune barrier to block the spread of neo-coronary pneumonia.
new coronavirus vaccinations are carried out in vaccination units approved by the local health administration.
, vaccination units are located in health service centers, township hospitals or general hospitals in the district.
if vaccination involves departments or enterprises with a relatively high concentration of priority targets, temporary vaccination units will be set up locally, depending on the situation.
health administration department or disease prevention and control agencies in the bailiwicks will also announce the vaccination units that can be vaccinated against the new coronavirus as required, including the location and service time, so please pay attention to the relevant information release platform.
of the majority of the key population groups, by the key groups of the units organized mapping, appointment, and to assist in the vaccination work.
for individuals travelling to medium- and high-risk countries or regions to work and study, they can pay attention to the local new coronavirus vaccination related service information.
the taboo of vaccination refers to situations in which vaccination should not be given.
most taboos are temporary, they can be vaccinated at a later time when the conditions that lead to them no longer exist.
the new coronavirus vaccination program, vaccination guidelines are not specified, the new coronavirus vaccination taboo is implemented in accordance with the vaccine instructions.
common vaccination taboos include: 1. those who are allergic to vaccines or vaccine components; 2. people with acute diseases; 3. those in the acute onset of chronic diseases; 4. those who are developing fever; and 5. pregnant women.
in the course of operation, if the first dose of the vaccine has a severe allergic reaction, and can not be ruled out as caused by the vaccine, the second dose is not recommended.
to understand the vaccine composition, the vaccine ingredients have been allergic to people can not be vaccinated.
vaccination, the vaccination doctor should carefully ask the subject about the health status and past allergy history.
should truthfully report their physical health status and medical history, allergy history, etc. to the vaccination doctor.
to include vaccine taboos in their informed consent.
the population immune barrier has not been established, even if some people are vaccinated, everyone's awareness of prevention and control and prevention measures can not be relaxed.
, on the one hand, the success rate of vaccine immunization is not 100 per cent, and a smaller number of vaccinated people may become ill during the epidemic.
other hand, the new coronavirus remains easy to spread without an immune barrier.
therefore, masks should continue to be worn after vaccination, especially in public places, crowded places, etc., and other protective measures such as hand hygiene, ventilation, social distance, etc., need to be maintained.
different infectious diseases, the level of immunity of people who block the epidemic of infectious diseases is not the same.
generally speaking, the more infectious an infectious disease is, the higher the population's immunity is required.
For example, measles and whooping cough are highly contagious, and if they are to be blocked, the population's immunity should reach 90% to 95%, while the eradication of smallchia and polio, the population's immunity should reach more than 80%.
immunity of the population reaches these thresholds, an immune barrier is established to stop the spread of measles, whooping cough, low flowers and polio.
population's immunity is in positive ratio to vaccine protection and vaccination rates.
therefore, to achieve adequate population immunity, it is necessary to have a sufficiently high vaccination rate, that is, the vast majority of people are vaccinated.
, if there are more people who are not vaccinated or most people are reluctant to vaccinate, there is no strong immune barrier, there are sources of infection, prone to the spread of disease.
vaccine is a biological product.
to ensure the quality of biological products, must be stored and transported in the prescribed cold chain state.
the same should be true of the new coronavirus vaccine.
the Vaccine Management Act, the Vaccine Storage and Transportation Regulations, and the Vaccination Work Code have specific requirements for cold chains for vaccine storage and transportation.
of vaccine transportation, vaccine transportation enterprises should monitor and record the temperature regularly during the transportation process to ensure that the vaccine is in the specified temperature environment.
the vaccine is received, the receiving unit shall request and inspect the temperature monitoring records of this transportation process.
vaccine storage process, the CDC and vaccination units use thermometers or automatic temperature recorders to monitor the temperature of the refrigerator where the vaccine is stored, measure the temperature once a day in the morning and afternoon (at intervals not less than 6 hours), and fill in the temperature record form of the cold chain equipment.
During the use of the vaccine, the vaccination unit shall store the vaccine in refrigerators and freezer boxes (bags), and the refrigerator, refrigerator (bag) door/cover shall be closed in a timely manner when storing and obtaining the vaccine, and the number of times the refrigeration equipment shall be opened as far as possible.
relevant units should strictly abide by the above-mentioned aspects of the normative requirements, in order to make the vaccine in the cold chain state, the quality of the vaccine can be guaranteed.
suspected vaccination abnormal reaction (AEFI) refers to the suspected vaccination-related reaction or event that occurs after vaccination, also known as suspected adverse vaccine reaction.
include the following situations: adverse vaccine reactions, vaccine quality-related reactions, vaccination error-related reactions, heart-caused reactions, and mesozoicity (combination reactions).
vaccine adverse reactions refer to reactions caused by the characteristics of the vaccine itself that are not related to the purpose of vaccination or are related to individual differences in the subjects.
vaccine adverse reactions include general reactions and abnormal reactions.
general reaction mainly refers to the subject of an over-the-top, mild body reaction, such as redness, hard knots, pain and other local reactions, fever, fatigue, headache and other systemic reactions.
mainly refers to the related reactions that cause organ or functional damage to the affected species, which occur rarely, such as acute severe allergic reactions.
-cause reaction refers to the reaction that occurs after vaccination due to the psychological factors of the subject, mainly due to psychological stress, anxiety, etc. when vaccinated, no physical damage, not related to the vaccine.
some of them are "sick needle"-like performance, some are "sickness"-like performance.
responses can occur during mass vaccination campaigns.
(coincidence reaction) refers to the vaccination process, the subject is in the incubation period of a disease or the early stage of the onset of the disease, after vaccination coincidental onset.
therefore, co-infection (co-reaction) is not caused by vaccination, is not related to the vaccine, and is not an adverse post-vaccination reaction.
post-vaccination adhesive disease sometimes does not immediately make a judgment, needs to be reported in a timely manner, also needs the disease control and other institutions to investigate, investigate and diagnose the diagnosis expert group to make a diagnosis.
The abnormal reaction of vaccination refers to the adverse reaction of the drug in which the qualified vaccine causes damage to the organs and functions of the body of the subject during the implementation of the standard vaccination process or after the implementation of the standard vaccination, and the relevant parties are not at fault.
the following conditions are not abnormal vaccination reactions: general response, vaccine quality accident, vaccination accident, mesozoic (co-effect reaction), heart-caused reaction.
Laws and regulations such as the Vaccine Management Law, the National Programme for monitoring suspected vaccination abnormal reactions, and the Measures for the Identification of Abnormal Responses to Vaccination have clear provisions for monitoring and reporting suspected abnormal reactions to vaccinations (suspected adverse vaccine reactions).
Specific practices include identifying the responsible reporting unit, the responsible reporting person, the contents of the report, the time limit for reporting, specifying the criteria for suspected adverse vaccine reactions that need to be initiated for investigation, and the diagnosis of abnormal reactions to be completed by the expert group of investigation and diagnosis, and the identification to be completed by the provincial and municipal medical associations.
of suspected vaccine adverse reactions is achieved through the monitoring information system established by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and information sharing is realized by the CDC and drug adverse reaction monitoring agencies.
at all levels of disease control agencies and drug adverse reaction monitoring agencies will also monitor the information, regular analysis and evaluation.
in the event of a major incident, timely analysis and evaluation will be carried out.
system and standard monitoring of adverse vaccine reactions in China, which started in 2005.
with the development and deepening of the work, the level of vaccine adverse reaction monitoring has been greatly improved.
2011 and 2014, respectively, through the World Health Organization (WHO) in China's national vaccine regulatory system of adverse reaction monitoring part of the capacity assessment, vaccine adverse reaction monitoring indicators meet or exceed the WHO assessment criteria.
new coronavirus vaccine is a newly developed and operational vaccine that requires continuous monitoring and research after mass vaccination to accumulate more scientific evidence to assess the protective durability of the new coronavirus vaccine.
there is no evidence that different manufacturers or different types of new coronavirus vaccines can replace vaccination.
recommends that vaccinations of the same variety from the same manufacturer be used at this stage.
in the vaccination process, the subject should pay attention to and cooperate with the following: before vaccination, should be in advance to understand the new coronary disease, new coronavirus vaccine-related knowledge and vaccination process.
vaccination, you need to carry relevant documents (ID cards, passports, etc.), and in accordance with local prevention and control requirements, do a good job of personal protection, with on-site vaccination staff inquiries, truthfully provide information such as my health status and vaccination taboos.
after vaccination, you need to stay for 30 minutes, keep the local skin clean, avoid scratching the vaccination site by hand, if there is a suspected adverse reaction, report the vaccination unit, timely medical treatment when necessary.
, a very small number of people may experience acute allergic reactions, fainting, etc.
severe life-threatening allergic reactions occur mostly within 30 minutes of vaccination.
if an acute allergic reaction occurs, timely treatment can be taken at the scene.
also mostly occur within half an hour of vaccination, such as leaving the site immediately after vaccination, may cause accidental injury to the victim due to fainting.
, the subject needs to stay in the designated area of the vaccination unit for half an hour after vaccination.
, the body produces protective antibodies, and some vaccines also make people immune to cells, forming corresponding immune memories.
this way, the body has the immunity to fight disease.
Once a new coronavirus invades the body, the antibodies produced by the vaccine, cytokines released by the cellular immunity, can identify, normally or kill the virus, and immune memory quickly mobilizes the immune system to function, so that the virus can not continue to proliferate in the body, thus achieving the goal of preventing disease.
, according to the previous clinical trial of the new coronavirus inactivated vaccine, after about two weeks of the second dose of inactivated vaccine, the vaccinated population can produce better immune results.
virus is one of the simplest organisms, and its proliferation depends on living cells.
virus mutates during proliferation.
from the global monitoring of the new coronavirus mutation, there is no evidence that the virus mutation will invalidate the existing new coronavirus vaccine.
, however, the World Health Organization, national research institutions, vaccine manufacturers, etc. are closely watching the new coronavirus mutation, is also carrying out relevant research, which will provide early warning and scientific analysis for the development and application of follow-up vaccines.
china's current vaccination strategy is in accordance with the "two-step" program, the first step is the vaccination of key groups.
step, with the approval of vaccines on the market, vaccine production gradually increased, more vaccines will be put into use.
through orderly vaccination, eligible members of the public can achieve "all-in-one", and gradually build a population immune barrier among the population to control the epidemic of new crown pneumonia in the country.
the new crown epidemic prevention and control process, China has implemented non-vaccine prevention and control measures are very effective.
may not be vaccinated for the time being, there are still many effective prevention and control measures, such as wearing masks, keeping social distance, washing hands, ventilation, etc.
information gathered from the results of previous clinical trials and emergency use of the new coronavirus vaccine, common adverse reactions to the new coronavirus vaccine occur in much the same way as other vaccines that have been widely used.
common adverse reactions, mainly manifested in the vaccination site of redness, hard knots, pain, etc. , but also fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, muscle soreness and other clinical manifestations.
, pathogens, vaccine characteristics, the condition of the affected species and other factors affect the effectiveness of vaccination.
in the development and use of vaccines, in order to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination, the above factors are considered.
new coronavirus vaccine as a brand-new vaccine, the effect of related factors on its effectiveness has yet to be further observed and studied.
For most infectious diseases, after infection with pathogens, the human body will produce a certain degree of immunity, this group of people usually do not belong to the vaccination target, such as smallpox, measles, rubella, chickenpox and other diseases no longer belong to the vaccination target.
, although there have been reports of secondary infection in people infected with the new coronavirus, but the problem is not widespread, still need to follow up more research to reach a conclusion.
For confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia known before vaccination, asymptomatic infections, the new coronavirus vaccine is not currently recommended;
The protective effect of vaccination is not 100% for individuals, and it takes time to produce protective antibodies;
, in order to prevent the outbreak of neo-crown pneumonia rebound, at this stage other preventive and control measures should be adhered to, including wearing masks and maintaining social interaction