Cancer Discov: Accidental discovery! Immunotherapy can identify and treat chemotherapy-resistant tumors!

!--:http://photos.an ensylated cancer, a major new study suggests.
study found that drug-resistant mutations can restore the activity of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, thus avoiding the effects of drug therapy, which may make tumors susceptible to immunotherapy.
the subtle differences in the repair genes, scientists studied cancers that avoidplatin chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors by repairing the BRCA gene, and found that the new versions of these genes are slightly different from the same genes in healthy cells.
they believe the differences in these genes are large enough to train the body's immune system to identify and kill cancer cells that repair the BRCA gene -- opening up an exciting new way to treat cancers that are resistant to existing drugs.
scientists at the Institute of Cancer Research in London compiled a database of more than 300 reported mutations that alter the activity of the BRCA gene and become resistant to PARP inhibitors.
photo source: Min Yu, the National Cancer Institute study recently published in the journal Cancer Discovery, funded by Cancer Research UK, Breast Cancer Now and schottlander Research Charitable Trust.
database describes molecular changes in drug-resistant cancers The purpose of this study is to identify molecular changes in cancers that are resistant to platinum chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors and to open up new treatment strategies for them.
these drugs are now approved for use in ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers.
PARP inhibitors can attack cancers with BRCA gene mutations, or other genetic defects that can easily cause DNA damage.
however, cancer can avoid the effects of PARP inhibitors or chemotherapy by altering the BRCA gene, which is called a reverse mutation.
team from the CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and the Cancer Research Institute's (ICR) Breast Cancer Research Center studied every event associated with reversed mutations in BRCA mutation symcis.
can identify cancer researchers at higher risk of drug resistance and researchers have found that certain types of BRCA mutations are more likely to reverse mutations than other types, restarting the activity of the BRCA gene.
testing these mutations can select cancer patients who may be at higher risk of resistance to PARP inhibitors or platinum chemotherapy.
where the reversal mutation occurred, the team found that the repaired BRCA gene produced a different protein than normal cells.
computer models predict that these proteins are usually "immune-derived" -- that is, the immune system recognizes them as alien species.
this raises the prospect that immunotherapy that lifts the brakes on the immune system may be effective in reversing mutant cancers -- pushing the body to produce a strong immune response to the repaired BRCA protein.
if reversing mutations can be accurately predicted, it may even be possible to use the vaccine to produce an immune response to the reversed BRCA protein.
Future Report on Reverse Mutations Researchers have provided their new database to other scientists free of charge so that they can use and collect future reports on these mutations, which will help further identify cancers that can be targeted with immunotherapy or other treatments.
the lethal ability of cancer evolutionary resistance will be the focus of the Pioneering Drug Discovery Project at the ICR New Cancer Drug Discovery Center.
the 75 million pound building will bring together about 300 evolutionary biologists and drug discovery scientists to understand and overcome the challenges of drug resistance, turning cancer into a long-term disease that can be controlled and effectively cured.
2005, scientists at the ICR Breast Cancer Research Center discovered that PARP inhibitors can kill cancer cells with BRCA gene mutations.
since then, these scientists have been studying how resistance to these drugs is generated.
by studying the DNA sequences of more than 300 patients who have received PARP inhibitors or platinum drugs around the world, scientists have discovered how cancer cells change the activity of the BRCA gene to become resistant to these drugs.
important cancer research aimed at finding new treatments for patients has been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
ICR, a charity and research institution, has launched a major fundraising appeal to launch its research to make up for lost time due to the coronavirus crisis.
Picture Source: Professor Chris Lord, director of breast cancer research at the Institute of Cancer Research in London, who led research on the potential of an exciting new approach to treatment, said: "Cancers that have fixed BRCA mutations are difficult to treat because their cells restore some of the properties of normal cells - in many ways it means no obvious weaknesses.
we often notice that the way some cancer cells repair the BRCA gene means that the proteins they produce are not perfectly normal and can be identified by the immune system as foreign proteins, opening up a way to target these cancers with the immune system.
we can use immunotherapy drugs, such as checkpoint inhibitors, to control the body's immune response and use it to reverse mutations.
this could open up an exciting new avenue for aggressive cancer patients who are resistant to the best available drugs.
" Professor Paul Workman, chief executive of the Institute of Cancer Research in London, said: "Cancer evolution and resistance are the biggest challenges we face in research and treatment today.
research like this is valuable for analyzing how, why and when cancer becomes resistant to existing drugs.
exciting, this study opens up the potential for a new treatment that uses cancer defense mechanisms to target mutations that make the disease resistant to existing drug therapies. Dr Emily Armstrong, research information manager at Cancer Research UK,
, said: "The genetic defects of the BRCA gene are linked to a wide range of cancers, including breast and ovarian cancer, so addressing the resistance associated with these genes could change many people's lives.
this is currently just a computational prediction, it will be very exciting to test in the lab whether the immune system can really distinguish between healthy proteins and recombinant proteins produced by cancer cells, and effectively alter the tumor's immune mechanisms against them.
" (!--/ewebeditor: page- !--ewebeditor: !--title"-Source: Stephen J. Petayaitt et al. Clinical BRCA1/2 reversion analysisssssss ss s. and smh.co.dweud dated neoantigens with therapy, Cancer Discovery (2020). DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-1485 Immune system be a good to spot drug-resistant cancer !--/ewebeditor.com.