Breakthrough Research Progress of Small Molecule Anti-COVID-19 Drugs

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The new coronavirus pneumonia (corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19, referred to as new coronary pneumonia) sweeping the world is caused by a new single-stranded RNA coronavirus, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, ICTV) The virus named SARS-CoV-2

RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors

1 molnupiravir

Monupiravir (MK-4482, EIDD-2801) is the first drug approved for marketing by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the United Kingdom on November 4, 2021 for adults with mildew Oral RdRp inhibitor drugs for the treatment of moderate to moderate COVID-19 infections

Merck's Phase II clinical results in March 2021 showed that patients with new coronary pneumonia who received the drug from day 5 achieved a positive virus detection rate of 0% in all dose groups (the placebo group was 0%).

2 remdesivir

Remdesivir (GS-5734) is a prodrug of nucleoside analogs under research by Gilead Sciences in the United States.

Remdesivir is the first drug approved for the treatment of COVID-19 and has been registered and approved for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 in Japan, Australia, South Korea, Canada, Israel and other countries around the world

3 Favipiravir

Favipiravir (T-705) is used for the treatment of new or recurrent influenza

At present, Japan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Kenya and other countries have recommended oral favipiravir in the guidelines for patients with mild to moderate COVID-19

Protease inhibitor

1.

Using SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as the target, researchers from Pfizer in the United States designed and screened a clinical candidate drug PF-07321332 with potent virus inhibition

At present, the phase III clinical trial study of PF-07321332 for patients with mild and moderate symptoms of the new coronavirus has been completed

2.

GRL0617 was originally developed as a PLpro inhibitor during the 2003 SARS outbreak

In the context of the current global pandemic of COVID-19 and the continuous mutation of SARSCoV-2, the development of effective and safe antiviral drugs and their widespread application are important measures to reduce the global burden of the disease

references:

[1] Zhao Zhe, Zhang Qing, Ge Ziruo, Zhang Wei, Chen Zhihai.

[2] Zhang Ru, Sun Ziru, Liu Shengnan, Gao Qingzhi.
Research status and prospect of novel coronavirus therapeutic drugs [J/OL].
Scientific Bulletin: 1-15 [2022-02-13].
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