Brain Health Inventory of important research results in the field of stroke

In autumn and winter, the temperature is volatile, hot and cold
.
Such a season is very easy to cause the occurrence of various diseases, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
.
Because this variable climate can easily lead to spasms in blood vessels, affecting the blood supply of the heart itself, resulting in the deterioration of the
patient's condition.
There are many factors that induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and bad living habits such as irregular meals, sitting more and moving less, and staying up late will also lead to the onset of
diseases.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are no longer exclusive to the elderly, in recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among young people has shown a straight upward trend, and the age of onset is getting younger and
younger.

How to prevent stroke and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Meinian Health Research Institute has sorted out the important research results released by top international journals in the past year for your reference
.

Seoul National University: The more alcohol you drink, the higher the risk of stroke

On November 2, 2022, researchers at Seoul National University in South Korea published a research paper titled "Cumulative Alcohol Consumption Burden and the Risk of Stroke in Young Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study" in the journal Neurology
。

In the study, the researchers analyzed the Korea National Health Insurance Service database, which included more than 1.
5 million young people between the ages of 20-39, who underwent four consecutive annual health checks between 2009 and 2012 and counted participants' weekly alcohol consumption, accumulating more than 105 grams per week, defined as moderate or heavy drinkers
.
A total of 3153 strokes
were recorded during the 4-year study period.
After accounting for other factors of stroke, the study found that after two years of moderate to heavy drinking, the risk of stroke increased by about 20%
compared to those who did not drink.

The study shows that people who drink moderately to heavily are more likely to have a stroke between the ages of 20-40, and the longer they drink, the higher the risk of stroke
.
As the years of drinking increases, so does the risk of stroke
.
People who drank moderately to heavily for two years had a 19 percent increased risk of stroke, a 22 percent increased risk for three years, and a 23 percent
increased risk for those who had four years compared to those who didn't drink.
Mainly due to hemorrhagic stroke, or increased risk of stroke due to intracerebral hemorrhage
.
（https://doi.
org/10.
1212/WNL.
0000000000201473）

Osaka University, Japan: Irregular dinner times are associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke mortality

In the study, researchers analyzed 28,625 men and 43,213 women, aged 40-79, who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer
at baseline.
Studies examined the association
between dinner time and the risk of stroke, coronary heart disease and total cardiovascular disease death.
Participants were divided into three groups: breakfast and dinner group (before 8 pm), irregular dinner group, and late dinner group (after 8 pm).

At 19 years of follow-up, 4706 deaths from total CVD
were identified.

After adjusting for CVD risk factors, the study found that hemorrhagic stroke mortality was 44% higher in the irregular dinner group compared to eating dinner before 8:00 p.
m.
, and there was no significant association
between dinner times and the risk of death from other types of stroke, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular disease.
（https://doi.
org/10.
3390/nu13103389）

Tianjin Medical University: Drink tea or coffee every day to reduce the risk of stroke and dementia

Professor Wang Yaogang of Tianjin Medical University and colleagues published a research paper
entitled "Consumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank" in the journal PLoS Medicine.

The study showed that moderate consumption of coffee and tea, separately or at the same time, was associated with
a lower risk of stroke, dementia and dementia after stroke.
The study analysed 365682 participants from the UK Biobank database who were recruited between 2006-2010 and followed until 2020
.
Participants self-reported coffee and tea consumption
.

During the study period, 5,079 participants developed dementia and 10,053 experienced at least one stroke
.

Studies have found that people who drink 2-3 cups of coffee, 3-5 cups of tea, or 4-6 cups of coffee and tea combinations per day have the lowest
risk.

Drinking coffee or tea alone can also reduce the risk of both diseases, and according to studies, people who drink 2-3 cups of coffee and 2-3 cups of tea per day (4 to 6 cups in total) have a 28% lower risk of dementia and a 32%
lower risk of stroke compared to people who don't drink coffee or tea.

In addition, the combination drinking of tea and coffee was associated with a lower risk of dementia after stroke, with the lowest
risk of drinking 3-6 cups of coffee and tea per day.

French National Institute of Health and Medicine: A good night's sleep reduces heart disease or stroke by 75%.

On August 26, 2022, researchers from the French National Institute of Health and Medicine presented a study
entitled "Healthy sleep score and incident cardiovascular diseases: the Paris Prospective Study III (PPS3)" at the 2022 ESC Congress of the European Society of Cardiology.

In the study, the researchers analyzed data from 7,200 participants from the Paris Prospective Study III (PPP3), with an average age of 59.
7 years and 62 percent men, all of whom were free of cardiovascular disease
at the start of the study.

All participants underwent a physical health check at the start of the study and were then asked to fill out a questionnaire that rated their sleep health on a scale of 0-5 on a scale of each criterion
.
The 5 indicators include: nightly sleep time, time type, insomnia frequency, sleep apnea incidence and daytime sleepiness frequency
.

During the 10-year follow-up period, the researchers examined coronary heart disease and stroke every two years, and by the end of the study, a total of 274 participants had had coronary heart disease or stroke
.
The study found that participants with a score of 5 had a 75 percent lower risk of heart disease or stroke compared to participants with a score of 0 or 1, and a 22 percent
lower risk of coronary heart disease and stroke for every 1 point increase in sleep score at baseline.
（）

Peking University team study: eating an egg a day can reduce cardiovascular risk!

The Peking University team published a research paper
in the journal eLife entitled: Association of egg consumption, metabolic markers, and risk of cardiovascular diseases: A nested case-control study.

The CKB study was a prospective cohort that included 512,725 participants
aged 30-79 years from 5 cities and 5 rural areas in China.
Participants were recruited between 2004 and 2008 and have since been tracked
for morbidity and mortality.
Among them, 3401 people suffered from cardiovascular disease, accounting for 71.
18%.

Through questionnaires, the research team learned how and how often
participants had consumed food in the past 1 year.
The frequency of egg intake was "never/rarely eaten", "1-3 per week", "4-6 per week", "1 per day", and the average consumption was 2.
6 eggs
per week.

The study showed that moderate consumption of eggs (1 per day) increased blood levels of heart-healthy metabolites and helped reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease.

Huang Jiaqi's team at Central South University found that eating an extra egg a day can increase all-cause mortality and the risk of cardiovascular disease

On April 1, 2022, researchers from Huang Jiaqi's team at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University published an online article titled "Associations of Dietary Cholesterol, Serum Cholesterol, and Egg Consumption With Overall and Cause-Specific" in the top cardiovascular journal "Circulation" (IF=29.
69).
Mortality, and Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis"
.

In the study, researchers analyzed the effects
of exogenous dietary cholesterol and egg intake on overall mortality and cardiovascular death risk.
A total of 41 prospective cohort studies were included, and researchers tracked health data from 482316 participants, with 22,035 deaths over a study period averaging 18.
2 years, of which 9,110 died from cardiovascular disease
.

The study showed that higher dietary cholesterol and egg intake were associated with
an increased risk of death and cardiovascular mortality.
Specifically, for each 300 mg increase in cholesterol intake per day, overall death was associated
with a 10% and 13% increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
For every 50 g increase in egg (one egg) intake per day, overall death was associated
with a 6% and 9% increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
（https://doi.
org/10.
1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.
121.
057642）

Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Basic Medical College of Fourth Military Medical University: Middle-aged and elderly muscles will decrease, and the risk of heart disease and stroke will increase significantly

EClinicalMedicine, a journal of The Lancet, published a large study in Chinese groups that followed nearly 15,000 middle-aged and elderly Chinese over time, showing that sarcopenia is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke
.
The research was led by scholars from the Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and the School of Basic Medicine of the Fourth Military Medical University
.

The analysis
was based on nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

CHARLS aims to collect a set of high-quality micro-data representing middle-aged and elderly families and individuals aged 45 and above in China to analyze the aging of
the Chinese population.
The CHARLS National Baseline Survey was conducted in 2011 and covered 17,000 people in 150 county-level and 450 village-level households with about 10,000 households
.
Thereafter, these samples were followed every 2-3 years
.

The cross-sectional analysis section of the study, which included 15,137 participants aged ≥ 45 years from CHARLS 2015, was the first to demonstrate that the group with sarcopenia is more common with cardiovascular disease; Longitudinal analysis screened 11,863 participants who did not have cardiovascular disease when they joined the study in 2015 and followed them into 2018
.
The data from longitudinal analysis further showed that people with sarcopenia were also at higher risk of future cardiovascular events
.

A total of 1273 (10.
7%) cardiovascular events
were identified at a mean follow-up of 3.
6 years.
After adjusting for other potential risk factors, compared with people of the same age without sarcopenia:

People diagnosed with possible sarcopenia have a 22% increased risk of cardiovascular disease; People diagnosed with sarcopenia have a 33%
increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

This risk is mainly manifested in stroke
.
Diagnosed with possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia, the risk of heart disease showed a trend of 6% and 21% increase, respectively, but not significantly; The risk of stroke was significantly higher by 59% and 67%,
respectively.
（https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
eclinm.
2021.
101264）