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Stomach cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor in the world and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths.
although the five-year survival rate of stage I gastric cancer is as high as 90%, the five-year survival rate of stage IV metastatic gastric cancer is only 15%.
early diagnosis of stomach cancer is particularly important for the cure of the disease.
diagnostic analysis of endoscopy combined with biopsy samples is currently the gold standard for GC diagnostics, but due to its high trauma, high risk and high time and money costs, this diagnostic strategy is not suitable for large-scale screening.
there is an urgent need to find biomarkers associated with GC non-invasive diagnosis and to improve the prognosis of the disease.
a case-control study conducted in the study, which analyzed urine samples from early GC patients as well as healthy control (HC).
researchers collected urine samples from 372 patients and randomly divided 282 patients of age and gender matching into three groups: 18 in the discovery queue, 176 in the training queue, and 88 in the validation queue.
study flowchart researchers found that, in addition to Helicobacter proteomic analysis of related urine proteins, the expression levels of TFF1 (uTFF1) and ADAM12 (uADAM12) in urine were key indicators of GC diagnosis.
in the training and validation queues, groups using uTFF1, uADAM12, and Helicobacter pyridosis can distinguish HC and GC patients significantly.
analysis of gender-specific biomarkers showed that the combination showed good AUC values (AUC=0.858) in male GCs, while the combined detection of uTFF1, uBARD1 and Helicobacter pyridobacteria in female GCs also showed good AUC values (AUC=0.893).
note that in each group it was even necessary to distinguish between phase I GC patients and health controls (male, AUC=0.850, female AUC=0.845).
early detection of Phase I GC, the results suggest that new urine protein biomarkers may be a potential biological target for the diagnosis of noninvasive stomach cancer, including early stomach cancer.
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