Blood: Gitto monoantigen can effectively reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with NPM1 mutant AML (AMLSG09-09 trial)

Monitoring detectable residual lesions (MRDs) provides prognostic information for patients with NPM1mut acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is a powerful tool for evaluating treatment effectiveness in clinical trials.
Silke et al. tested NPM1mut transcription levels (TLs) with quantitative reverse transcription PCR reactions (RT-PCRs) and assessed the effects of NPM1mut MRD on prognostication, as well as the effects of Gitto monoantigen (GO) on NPM1mut transcription levels and cumulative recurrence rates (CIR) in NPM1mut AML patients participating in the AMLSG 09-09 randomized trial.
analyzed 3,733 bone marrow (BM) samples and 3,793 exo-weekly blood (PB) samples from 469 patients.
the effect of NPM1 mutant transcription levels on the cumulative recurrence rate after 2 induction courses was reduced after 2 cycles of treatment and the end of treatment (EOT), the transcriptional water level of NPM1mut in bone marrow and extrinsic blood decreased≥
effect of NPM1 mutant MRD-negative on CIR after treatment was always a factor with poor prognosmation in multivariate analysis.
in terms of treatment effectiveness, the mesothertic transcription level of NPM1mut in the GO group decreased significantly across all treatment cycles, resulting in a significant increase in the proportion of MRD-negative patients at EOT (56% vs 41% ;P-0.01).
the transcription level of NPM1mut decreased significantly after two periods of CIRRD-positive patients in both treatment groups were treated with GO, resulting in a significant decrease in CIR rate (4 years CIR:29.3% vs 45.7%, P=0.009).
in summary, the transcriptional level of NPM1mut decreased significantly across all treatment cycles, and the recurrence rate of patients decreased significantly after the addition of gytodiotherapy to NPM1mut AML's intensive chemotherapy.
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