Blood: Ancient evolutionary mechanisms for gene expression of red blood cells in different species

The oxygen transport function of hemoglobin (HB) is thought to have occurred about 500 million years ago, roughly in line with the differentiation of inocyclic vertebrates (jawless) and jaw-based vertebrates (jaws)Interestingly, the existing jawless and jawless vertebrateHBs have been shown to have evolved twice from different primitive globulins and are independentthis raises the question of whether HB's red linespecific expression has evolved independently twiceso far, one cluster of Hb gene has been associated with the widely expressed Npr13 gene in all the jawed vertebrates studiedIn this study, researchers demonstrated that the npr13 chain hb gene sites of invertebrates (seven eel) share a range of structural and functional characteristics with the allele Hb gene sites of jawed vertebratesfunctional analysis showed that there was a red-specific enhancer on the seventh inclusion of the seven eel npr13 gene, corresponding to the MCS-R1 enhancer in the 7th inclusion of NPRL3 in the jaw vertebratein general, the results show that there is a npr13 chain polyplobin gene site that contains a remote enhanceotors that drives the expression of cymdo nemesin in the red line before the differentiation of the jaw-and-jaw vertebrateThis primitive gene cluster evolved to the present day in different nprl3 chain hb genes in jawless and jawless vertebratesThe findings provide a solution to the mystery of how the gloin genes connected to the same adjacent gene in different species converge and evolve