Attention should be paid to the excessive import of soybean

Introduction: according to the analysis, the main reason for the rapid growth of China's soybean import is that the total consumption of domestic soybean tends to increase in recent years As raw materials, soybean consumption rose Especially with the increase of the intake of meat, eggs, poultry, fish and other foods by urban and rural residents, the rapid development of animal husbandry and aquaculture, the consumption of soybean meal as feedstuff has entered a period of rapid growth With the rapid development of foreign oriented economy, the soybean market has become more and more open Since China became a net soybean importer for the first time in 1995, soybean imports have increased year by year, reaching the peak of imports this year According to customs statistics, in the first three quarters of this year, China's soybean imports reached 11.17 million tons, valued at US $2.254 billion, a record high, with an increase of 34% and 23% respectively compared with the same period last year In addition, China's annual soybean planting area is more than 120 million mu, and the planting soybean and other uses still need millions of tons According to relevant data, China's annual soybean demand is as high as 22 million tons, while the domestic soybean production in recent years is only maintained at about 14 million tons, with a large gap between supply and demand A large number of imported soybeans have become the only way to meet the domestic soybean consumption It is learned from relevant parties that China's soybean import market is highly concentrated and mainly depends on the United States, Argentina and Brazil From January to September this year, China imported 4.58 million tons of soybeans from the United States, accounting for 41% of the total imports, and 36% and 23% from Argentina and Brazil respectively In addition, the quality of foreign soybean is higher than that of domestic soybean The oil content of soybean has a great influence on the income of the oil factory Every percentage point of the oil output rate is high, it often brings about a benefit of nearly ten million yuan For soybean production in the United States, Brazil and other countries, pure varieties are planted regionally, stored separately after harvest, and sold according to customers' requirements during processing, which is conducive to the development of oil, protein and other single indicators However, the soybean planting in China is basically carried out by farmers in a decentralized way, and the phenomenon of mixed planting and mixed harvest is common, which results in the decline of the quality of domestic soybean, the decrease of oil yield and the disadvantage in the market competition With the influx of foreign soybeans, the dependence of domestic soybean supply on the international market has increased If calculated by the total domestic supply, China's soybean import in 1999 is equivalent to 30% of the domestic soybean If calculated by the volume of domestic goods, the import volume is even slightly higher than that of domestic goods This will bring hidden danger to the healthy and stable development of soybean industry in China A large number of imported soybeans will also have a negative impact on soybean production in China Due to the small scale and low efficiency of soybean production in China, it is in an absolute disadvantage compared with the transgenic soybean production in the United States Under the impact of imported soybeans with high quality and low price, the price of soybeans in China has been going down all the way, the income of farmers has been reduced, and the enthusiasm of farmers to grow soybeans has been seriously hurt On the other hand, although soybean imports meet the domestic market demand, they also occupy the domestic soybean market and increase the overstock of domestic soybean inventory If such a huge scale of imports continues, it will inevitably lead to the contraction of domestic soybean production Facing the impact of soybean import on soybean production and processing in China, the relevant departments should take active measures to gradually reverse the adverse situation On the one hand, it is necessary to restrict the import of genetically modified soybeans or to implement the labeling management of genetically modified soybeans, so as to increase the cost of imported soybeans, reduce the impact on the domestic soybean market, and ease the contradiction between the overstock of domestic stocks and a large number of imports On the other hand, we need to increase investment in scientific research and infrastructure construction, strengthen food security reserves, crop insurance and other measures, and complete the transformation to the modern agricultural system of intensive production, pure varieties purchase and sale, high quality and high price as soon as possible Vigorously advocate the close combination of "production, processing and marketing", develop "enterprises + farmers" and order agriculture, promote the development of China's soybean production, improve farmers' income and realize the stable development of China's soybean industry through scale and grade.