Application of high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer in many fields

HpLC-mass spectrometer has been widely used in many fields such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, clinical medicine, molecular biology: 1.
Pharmaceuticals: drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, impurity analysis, natural product analysis biochemistry: peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, sugars 2.
Environmental chemistry: pesticide and pesticide residue analysis, organic pollutants, soil/food/water analysis 3.
Clinical medicine: neonatal examination, glycosylated hemoglobin (diabetes), hemoglobin variants, bile acid 4.
Food science: flavors, additives, Packaging, proteins, carcinogens 5.
Forensic science: drugs of abuse, explosives, agent detection 6.
Veterinary medicine: agents, sulfonamides, antibodies 7.
Synthetic chemistry: organometallic compounds, organic compounds 8.
Organic chemistry: surfactants, dye drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies LC-MS-MS use, electrospray (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) are their main ion sources due to their high sensitivity (ng// mI ~pg/ml), high selectivity (detection of specific fragment ions), high efficiency (can detect hundreds of biological samples per day and wide applicability to drug structure, high separation ability of liquid samples and mixed samples, can find prototype drugs through secondary ion fragments and derive their structure, LC-ESI-MS-MS has been widely used in drug metabolism research in the identification of primary biotransformation reactions and secondary binding reaction products, automated analysis of complex biological samples and metabolite structure elaboration, etc.
, It has occupied a major position in large pharmaceutical companies to replace HPLC, and the sample volume it tests accounts for more than
70% of the total.

Research on natural products natural medicines At present, there are two ways to
develop and research chinese medicines.

One way is to extract an active ingredient (monomer compound) or extract from a single plant to develop a new drug
.

Another approach is the development and research
of compound preparations of traditional Chinese medicines.

Using modern instrument combination technology, especially high performance liquid chromatography /mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), more than a dozen or even dozens of chemical components can be fingerprinted and identified
.

Then select four or five index components (active ingredients or characteristic components) from the fingerprint map for quantification, which can determine the simplified fingerprint map and index components, which is a more reasonable method of quality control of Chinese medicine compound, and is a powerful tool
for studying the complex system of Chinese medicine, especially compounding.

Many scholars at home and abroad have conducted an analysis of the main components of traditional Chinese medicines such as compound salvia, Qing Kai Ling, laxative soup, ginseng or ginseng preparations
.

Clinical diagnosis and analysis of disease biomarkers in Europe and the United States have been widely used HPLC/MS/MS method for clinical diagnosis and disease biomarker research and detection, with good specificity, high sensitivity, low cost, rapid analysis, considerable economic benefits and other characteristics
.

At present, newborn genetic disease screening (PKU, MCAD, etc.
about 40 kinds), detection of neonatal sex hormone variants, monitoring of male and female hormones, early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, detection of anti-rejection drugs, detection of phospholipids, detection of hemoglobin variants, glycosylated hemoglobin (early detection of diabetes), screening of certain heart diseases, cancer diseases such as breast cancer, etc.
(Biomarker method, determined by identification of the degree of DNA damage), Drug dose monitoring, drug interaction monitoring, toxicity detection in patients with regional sudden poisoning, etc
.

Residue, forensic science and environmental samples to determine China's accession to the WTO, the problem of the food industry is the "security barriers", which will bring great threats
to China's import and export and domestic enterprises.

The U.
S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Union, Japan, South Korea and other major trading countries and regions have published a list of drugs banned in imported food of animal origin, raising standards
.

This requires China to strengthen the control and detection
of pesticides, veterinary drugs and other residues in agriculture, livestock and aquatic products.

Similarly, with the increased concern of human beings for the living environment, it requires stricter monitoring
of various pollutants, harmful or toxic substances in the environment, as well as poisons and drug abuse in court science.

LC/MS/MS with ESI, APCI and APPI ionization technology is widely used in the analysis of residues and poisons with the characteristics of fast analysis
speed, high sensitivity and good specificity.

At present, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, antibiotics, xing* residues and poisons, toxins such as chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, nitrofurans, * products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other compounds have been successfully detected
.