Anti RA, natural drug growth node

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by symmetrical and multiple arthritis It is a common disease in the world, with a prevalence of 0.3% - 0.4% in China It can occur at any age, mostly in women aged 30-50 The pathological changes of RA are mainly synovitis Cytokines, inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in the whole pathological process However, the etiology of RA is still unclear, so there is no targeted treatment drug There are many drugs for RA treatment, which can be basically divided into the following categories: NSAIDs, saards, corticosteroids, biological agents, traditional Chinese medicine and other drugs At present, the use of chemical drugs in the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis RA has achieved certain results, the short-term effect is particularly significant, but easy to repeat, more adverse reactions, expensive In recent years, the anti RA effect of natural active ingredients has become a research hotspot A large number of pharmacological studies have shown that glycosides, including Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides, total glucosides of paeony, papain, total saponins of Panax notoginseng, alkaloids, including sinomenine, total saponins of Chinese yam, ligustrazine, flavonoids (luteolin, quercetin, isosorbin) and terpenes represented by artemisinin, etc these days However, the drug has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory effects Its anti-RA effect is significant, and it has the advantages of low toxicity, wide range of materials and low price, which brings hope to RA patients Tripterygium glycoside Tripterygium glycoside (TG) is the total glycoside extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii Its effective components are epoxy diterpenoid lactones, such as Tripterygium glycoside, Tripterygium lactone, etc it has many pharmacological effects such as analgesic, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, anti proliferation, etc it is one of the most effective drugs in the treatment of RA at present It is found that TG can improve the symptoms of RA mainly through the following mechanisms: first, it can inhibit the expression of chemokines and cytokines in synovium; second, it can inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines in serum of RA patients, such as TNF - α, which can increase the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 in serum; third, it can inhibit the proliferation of RASF and induce apoptosis of RA synovium cells TGP comes from the dried root of Paeonia, which mainly contains paeoniflorin, hydroxypaeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, etc TGP has the pharmacological effects of analgesia, anti-inflammatory and immune regulation, and has been listed as the first anti-inflammatory immune regulation drug TGP can inhibit the collagen induced arthritis by inhibiting the proliferation of synovial fibroblasts and the production of cytokines IL-1, TNF α and PGE2 Meanwhile, TGP can induce the tolerance of Th1 cells, activate Th2 and th3 cells and stabilize the function of T cells, so as to achieve the goal of treating RA Papain, papain (GCS) is an effective component extracted from the fruit of Begonia pedunculata, which has strong anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunoregulatory effects The main target cell of GCs is synovial cells, which can significantly reduce the level of PGE2 and TNFa of synovial cells in adjuvant arthritis rats, inhibit the hypermetabolism, proliferation and secretion of cells and achieve the therapeutic effect Some researchers observed 300 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with papaya and found that the total effective rate was 85.26% and the effective rate was 53% Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups, which proved that it had a good therapeutic effect on RA PNS is the main active component of Panax notoginseng, which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and other pharmacological effects The results showed that PNs could significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in peritoneal macrophages of AA rats induced by lipopolysaccharide, and also inhibit the production of TNFa, IL-1 and IL-6 in peritoneal macrophages of AA rats induced by LPS, so as to alleviate the symptoms of RA Sinomenine sinomenine (SIN) is a single alkaloid extracted from the dried stems of Celastrus and Celastrus It has obvious analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and other pharmacological effects It has a good clinical effect in the treatment of RA The total effective rate is about 85% The results showed that sin can inhibit RA mainly through the following mechanisms: first, it can reduce the expression of IL-1 β and TNF α mRNA in synovitis by inhibiting NF KB activation; second, it can significantly inhibit the expression of mutant p35, thus inhibiting the proliferation of CIA rat synovial cells, promoting cell apoptosis; third, it can inhibit the expression of chemokine receptor protein and mRNA Tarl is an effective component of dried root tuber of Lauraceae plant, which can inhibit the abnormal activation of T cells and macrophages, so as to play its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and other pharmacological effects Tarl can block NF KB and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathway, inhibit macrophages to produce inflammatory mediators, reduce the production of anti collagen IgG antibody, inhibit the activation and proliferation of T cells, and thus reduce inflammation Tetramethylpyrazine tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a dry rhizome extract of tetramethylpyrazine, which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological effects It has been used in elderly RA patients TMP can inhibit the expression of TNF - in synoviocytes, VEGF in synoviocytes, and T lymphocyte activation and proliferation Luteolin luteolin (LT) is a natural tetrahydroxy flavone compound, which has many pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti allergic, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-virus and so on Lt can significantly inhibit the production of LPS induced inflammatory mediator PGE2, reduce the DNA binding activity of NF KB; down regulate the expression of COX-2mRNA, NF KB and COX-2 protein induced by LPS; at the same time, inhibit the secretion of non-metallic protease 1 and 3, and the expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15 and TNF α, so as to inhibit the proliferation of membrane fibroblasts Quercetin quercetin (QT) is a kind of natural flavonoids, which has many biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti platelet aggregation and free radical scavenging QT can significantly reduce the NF KB involved in the production of related cytokines by inhibiting the biological activity of NF KB; in the presence of oxidative stress-related diseases, QT can significantly inhibit the production of TNF - α induced by LPS, improve the antioxidant level of plasma, and improve the symptoms of patients, but it has no such effect in healthy adults IP is an effective component in the root of Fraxinus IP can inhibit the production of superoxide anion and the activation of neutrophils, so as to achieve its anti RA effect Artemisinin (at), an effective monomer extracted from Artemisia annua leaves, has no pharmacological effect on its own, but its derivatives, dihydroartemisinin, artesunate, artemether and artemether, are new sesquiterpene lactones with oxygen bridge and have anti-inflammatory and anti epidemic effects It has been found that dihydroartemisinin can significantly inhibit the activation of protein kinase B and NF KB transcription factors and promote the apoptosis of synovial cells The combination of dihydroartemisinin and ibuprofen can enhance its ability to reduce the expression of IL-1 and TNF α in the synovium of AA rats, so as to alleviate RA symptoms Artesunate can inhibit the activation of Akt and the production of IL-1 β, IL-6 and IL-8 induced by tumor necrosis factor, so as to alleviate AA In addition, the active components of various natural drugs have certain anti RA effects, such as saikosaponin, astragaloside, hongmaowuzong, Cornus officinalis total glycoside, Panax japonicus total glycoside, Brucine, tetrandrine and matrine of alkaloids; Total flavonoids of Chrysanthemum indicum; polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps; bornyl acetate of volatile oil; Houttuynia cordata and curcumin of aldehyde ketone; glycocholic acid of organic acid and protein and protease of some plants They come from a wide range of sources, and the mechanism of anti RA needs further study.