Principal component analysis (left) and population genetic structure (right) analysis proves that there is a close genetic connection between the Labat ancient population of the Yue culture and the Xerhalakat ancient population under the Guishuang culture (Photo courtesy of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleohuman, Chinese Academy of Sciences )
Principal component analysis (left) and population genetic structure (right) analysis proves that there is a close genetic connection between the Labat ancient population of the Yue culture and the Xerhalakat ancient population under the Guishuang culture (Photo courtesy of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleohuman, Chinese Academy of Sciences ) Recently, the "Molecular Biology and Evolution" magazine published an online study of paleogenomes led by Fu Qiaomei, a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Wang Jianxin, a professor at Northwestern University , in conjunction with the Institute of Archaeology, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences and other units.
Wang Jianxin led the ancient genome research results jointly completed by the Institute of Archaeology of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences and other units
Research origins
Research origins The migration of the ancient nomadic people Yueshi from China to Central Asia was an important event in the process of world history, and it played an important role in the cultural exchanges and interactions between the East and the West on the Silk Road
Archaeological studies have found that the Rabat cemetery (Rabat) located in the Iron Age in southern Uzbekistan has been confirmed as a cultural relic of the Yue family, and its approximate date is AD From the end of the 2nd century BC to the early 1st century AD; Serkharakat cemetery (Serkharakat) has been confirmed as the remains of the Kushuang culture, both of which belong to the Iron Age
Uzbekistan is located on the southern edge of the Eurasian steppe and the western region along the Tianshan Mountains.
In order to in-depth research on the migration and communication of ancient populations at these sites, and to directly observe the integration of their genetic components from the perspective of genetics, Fu Qiaomei’s team obtained the Rabat Cemetery in Southern Uzbekistan (Rabat) and Sierre from International Archaeology.
Analyze the genetic structure of the ancient population of Rabat in Yueshi culture
Analyze the genetic structure of the ancient population of Rabat in Yueshi culture Previous studies have shown that the main genetic components of the Bhaktriya Marghiana Civilized Area (BMAC) population in the Bronze Age consisted of the Iranian agricultural population (~60% -65%) and the Anatolian agricultural population (~ 20 % -25%), some of the population also contains the genetic elements of the Eurasian steppe herders in the Bronze Age
-65%), Anatolian agricultural population (~20-25 %), and some populations also contain the genetic components of Eurasian steppe herders in the Bronze Age
Further research found that although compared with the Bronze Age population in the region, the Rabat ancient population in the Iron Age contained more genetic components of the late Bronze Age Eurasian steppe herders, and there was no population turnover related to the Eurasian steppe herders’ genetic components.
In addition, unlike the Bronze Age population in this region, which contained a higher proportion of the genetic components of the Iranian agricultural population, the Iron Age Rabat ancient population contained less genetic components from the Iranian agricultural population, while it contained more genetic components from the Anatolian agricultural population
Revealing the genetic structure of the ancient people of Xerhalakat under the Guishuang culture
Revealing the genetic structure of the ancient people of Xerhalakat under the Guishuang culture The study found that the ancient population of Erhalakat metabolized by ironware mainly contained genetic components related to Iranian agricultural population, Anatolian agricultural population, and Eurasian steppe herders, and also contained a small amount of hunter-gatherer related populations in Western Europe, East Asia, and South Asia.
It can be seen that the genetic structure of its population is similar to that of the ancient population of Rabat in the Iron Age, and has a close genetic relationship
To sum up, the results of this study show that in the Uzbekistan region of the Iron Age, the connection and exchange between Iranian agricultural populations and Eurasian steppe herdsmen have become closer; it also shows that Eurasian steppe herdsmen migrated south to Uzbekistan.
Although the cultural features of the Rabat cemetery (relatively single) are different from those of the Sher Harakat cemetery (multiple burial forms and burial customs, and diverse cultures), the related populations have close genetics.
In the future, this region will need more time-space frameworks to study the complex process of interaction between individuals and related populations
In general, the study confirmed that the Uzbekistan region located in the western part of the Tianshan Mountains is an active area of migration and communication from the perspective of genetics, and has shown increasing trends and changes from the Bronze to the Iron Age, systematically revealing the genetics of Uzbekistan’s prehistoric population The mixed characteristics and dynamic changes play an important role in further understanding the migration and mixed history of people in the western part of Tianshan Mountain and even the eastern and western parts of Eurasia
.
The study also found that in the Iron Age, there was a close genetic relationship between the Yue culture-related population represented by the Rabat Cemetery and the Guishuang culture related population represented by the Sher Harakat Cemetery.
To a certain extent, it reflects the close communication and interaction between the people related to Yueshi culture and Guishuang culture, and provides a genetic basis for further exploring its population source and interaction mode
.
In addition, as a successful practice of the domestic team leading the study of population evolution in regions outside East Asia, this research plays an important role in highlighting and enhancing the international influence and voice of China's paleogenome research
.
The study was Ministry of Science and National Key R & D projects, the National Natural Science Foundation of China Kexue Yuan funding support
.
(Source: China Science News, Cui Xueqin)
The study was Ministry of Science and National Key R & D projects, the National Natural Science Foundation of China Ke Xueyuan financial support and so on
.
(source: Related paper information: https://doi.
org/10.
1093/molbev/msab216
https://doi.
org/10.
1093/molbev/msab216
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