Analysis of the effect of policy on imported soybean

Introduction: Author: Zhou Zhigang In order to strengthen the regulation of grain import and export market after China's accession to the WTO, the State Council issued the regulations on the safety management of agricultural genetically modified organisms in May last year The Ministry of agriculture, the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China, the Ministry of health and other departments have issued corresponding management measures, respectively, on the inspection and Quarantine of imported and exported grain and feed, the evaluation and safety management of agricultural genetically modified organisms, and the marking The management of genetically modified food and the hygiene management of genetically modified food should be standardized The promulgation and implementation of these policies have multiple impacts on China's food and food market, especially on most of the imported soybeans which are genetically modified products On May 23, 2001, the State Council promulgated and implemented the regulations on the safety management of agricultural genetically modified organisms Subsequently, AQSIQ issued the administrative measures for inspection and Quarantine of imported and exported food and feed on December 4, 2001, which came into force on March 20, 2002; the Ministry of Agriculture issued the administrative measures for safety evaluation of agricultural genetically modified organisms, the administrative measures for import and export safety of agricultural genetically modified organisms, and the administrative measures for identification of agricultural genetically modified organisms on January 7, 2002, which came into force on March 1, 2002 Implementation; later, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the interim measures management procedure for import of genetically modified agricultural products on March 11, 2002, which was implemented from March 20 to December 20, 2002; the Ministry of Health issued the measures for health management of genetically modified food on April 8, 2002, which was implemented from July 1, 2002 It is understood that the main management object of this method of the Ministry of health is the edible soybean and the finished edible oil, while the soybean for oil extraction is not within its management scope According to the insiders, in view of the current policies, there have been many changes in the relevant procedures for overseas companies to export soybeans to China and domestic companies to import soybeans, mainly including: Overseas companies (exporters) shall apply to the agricultural genetically modified organisms safety management office for the agricultural genetically modified organisms safety certificate, mainly providing the following materials: the exporting country or region has been allowed to be used for relevant purposes and put on the market; the exporting country or region has been proved harmless to human beings, animals and plants, microorganisms and ecological environment through scientific tests; the agricultural genetically modified organisms technology The testing organization shall check and confirm that there is no danger to human beings, animals and plants, microorganisms and ecological environment, and have corresponding safety management and preventive measures China's relevant departments approved within 270 days Now, due to the implementation of the interim measures management procedure for the import of genetically modified agricultural products, the approval time is within 30 days At present, 19 overseas companies have received interim certificates Domestic companies (importers) should apply to the GM management office for approval documents of logo recognition At present, 7 companies have been approved Before signing a trade contract with foreign companies, they should go through the inspection and approval procedures with the AQSIQ, but in the past, they should go through the inspection and approval procedures after signing the contract According to the analysis of the insiders, there are quite a number of restrictive factors for soybean import in the current policy: first, it is difficult to grasp the time of applying for the safety certificate, and it is difficult for businessmen to grasp the trade opportunity; second, a limited number of foreign companies can export genetically modified soybeans to China, that is to say, not all companies can export soybeans to China, which relatively reduces the number of importers Pressure; third, a limited number of domestic companies can apply for identification, not all domestic companies can import soybeans, because the application of identification will increase the cost As the companies that have obtained the approval of marks have not yet completed the complete set of import procedures, it is unknown how much cost has been increased; fourthly, whether the AQSIQ approves the inspection application is the most critical, which is also a direct reflection of import restrictions According to several specific requirements of AQSIQ, first of all, it is required whether the import quantity is consistent with the processing and production capacity If not, especially if the import application quantity is too large, it is impossible to be approved Secondly, it is required to indicate the place of production and processing after entering the country, i.e where your processing plant and workshop are located and how many warehouses there are, and then according to the implementation, if it is different from what you have indicated, it will not be approved The third requirement is that "in case of large quantity difference, change of exporting country, change of entry port and overdue period, Quarantine License shall be applied for again", which will not only restrict more loading, but also affect the use of many international practices, such as ship assembly when the importer ships The fourth requirement is that "after the arrival of the goods, the surface inspection and Quarantine of the goods shall be carried out at the anchorage first, and the goods can be imported and unloaded only after passing the inspection, and then inspected again" In this way, the inspection and quarantine time will be prolonged and the inspection cost will be increased The fifth requirement is that "those who fail in inspection and quarantine shall be returned or destroyed", which is much stricter than before In the past, if some inspection and quarantine objects were found out, within the scope permitted by the state, the batch of soybeans could be directly pulled to the processing plant for digestion, but now it must be "returned" or "destroyed".