Analysis of China's API export situation
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Last Update: 2014-08-08
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Source: Internet
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Author: User
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Source: medical insurance chamber of Commerce August 8, 2014 API is China's traditional advantage industry In recent years, the government's assistance, changes in the competitive environment and the adjustment of the division of labor in the international pharmaceutical industry have promoted the transformation and upgrading of China's API industry China plays an increasingly important role in the pharmaceutical supply system, with more and more varieties of special API and continuous extension of the industrial chain to the high-end This paper will analyze the export situation of APIs in China The overall operation of APIs APIs is a category that accounts for a large proportion of China's pharmaceutical exports Customs statistics show that in recent years, the proportion of API exports in China has shown a downward trend The proportion was less than 50% in 2012 and 46% in 2013, the lowest point in history In the first four months of this year, it recovered to 49%, but it remains to be seen whether the proportion of the whole year can recover to this level China's API export market is basically stable In 2013, China's API exports to 183 countries and regions accounted for 88.5% of the total exports to three major markets in Asia, Europe and North America In the first four months of this year, China's APIs were exported to 177 countries and regions, and the proportion of the three major markets rose to 88.8% In 2013, there were 9260 enterprises engaged in the import and export of APIs, 166 fewer than in 2012 Private enterprises are the main force in the export of APIs 7119 private enterprises exported APIs worth 12.6 billion US dollars in 2013 According to the data, the export enterprises of APIs in China are still in a state of many and scattered China's API exports are mainly concentrated in coastal areas Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Shanghai and Hebei accounted for more than 68% of the total export of APIs The industry is facing great pressure Some international orders are transferred, the international trade environment is becoming increasingly severe, and the domestic regulatory system is becoming increasingly strict, which is the main source of the export pressure of API in China In recent years, the cost of various factors of production has increased, such as the implementation of the new labor law and the increase of the minimum wage standard, resulting in the increase of human cost Shandong Province, a major API Province, has raised the minimum wage standard this year Except for Jinan and other developed regions, it is 1500 yuan, and other regions are 1350 yuan Hangzhou and Ningbo in Zhejiang Province, the minimum wage standard is 1470 yuan, Taizhou and Xinchang are 1310 yuan Yuan; 1320 yuan for Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province In addition, energy prices are also rising, coal, oil, hydropower and other prices have been in the rising channel Another is the devaluation of currencies in India and other countries Since June 17 last year, the exchange rate of Indian rupee has been reduced from 58.1 to 60.35, 3.9% devaluation The highest value in September 2013 was 68.61, with a decrease of 18.1%; in Southeast Asian countries, the rupiah has been devalued by 19.9% in a year, and the baht has been devalued by 5.7%, while the people's currency has only been devalued by 1.9, which brings great pressure on the export of our products In addition, the increasingly strict regulatory measures of various countries make the export of APIs even worse Since July 2 last year, EU directive 62 has been formally implemented, which stipulates that all human drug active substances exported to the EU must provide written statements from the regulatory authorities of the exporting country; FDA of the United States In addition, trade frictions have intensified In the past decade, the United States launched 337 investigations on our western medicine products 6 Starting from API products; EU, India, Brazil, Mexico and other countries and regions have initiated two anti one guarantee measures for API products of China, and in recent years, the scope of products involved has expanded, the countries involved have expanded from traditional market to emerging market, and the amount involved has also increased year by year In addition to external factors, the unreasonable structure and small-scale disorder of API industry in China have not been improved, and the dominant discourse power has been controlled by foreign countries At present, a large number of API products have low technology content, high pollution and serious overcapacity of some varieties, resulting in low export prices, such as vitamin C and penicillin industrial salt, which are close to or lower than the cost price Even so, there are still many enterprises that put their capital into excess capacity, causing great waste and seriously disturbing the market order In addition, the new GMP transformation and the improvement of environmental protection standards also have a certain impact on enterprises The new GMP transformation, the improvement of quality standards and the elimination of backward production capacity require the investment of enterprises Recently, the central and local governments have strictly monitored the high consumption and high pollution API and pharmaceutical intermediate enterprises At present, the state has issued six documents, including the environmental protection standards for pharmaceutical intermediates, especially the water pollutant discharge standard for pharmaceutical industry implemented in July 2010, which has the widest impact In addition, administrative measures have been taken to make the approval of new factories more strict, and to order illegal enterprises to suspend business for the whole meal Favorable environmental factors there are also some favorable environmental factors for API export On May 4 this year, the general office of the State Council issued several opinions on supporting the stable growth of foreign trade, that is, Article 16 of the State Council that supports foreign trade 17 ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Commerce, attached great importance to it and carried out the implementation work for two months Entrusted by the Ministry of Commerce, China Medical Insurance chamber of Commerce visited dozens of key pharmaceutical export enterprises in seven provinces and cities in May to conduct research, collect problems and report them after summarizing It is expected that there will be a series of encouraging policies in the future It is predicted that the world economy will recover slowly in 2014, and the growth rate will be faster than that in 2013 The economic growth rate of developed economies will accelerate 0.8-2 percentage points year-on-year, among which, it is predicted that the growth rate of the United States will be 2.6% and that of the European Union will be 0.3% - 0.9% The improvement of the European and American economy will have a positive impact on the API market, and China's API export to the developed countries will also benefit However, considering the risk of emerging economies' future performance under the influence of currency devaluation and inflation pressure, China's API exports to emerging markets will be affected to some extent In the face of difficulties, China's enterprises should continue to vigorously explore the international market, strive to expand their share, and make good use of the international discourse power of advantageous varieties In addition, in view of the current situation, enterprises should strive to transform from bulk API to characteristic API manufacturer, and from characteristic API manufacturer to preparation manufacturer Transformation can be started from three aspects: first, strengthen technological innovation and improve core competitiveness The core competitiveness of the enterprise is the cornerstone of the development and expansion of the enterprise The enterprise should strive to achieve product, technology and marketing innovation, strengthen the improvement and improvement of process technology and management mechanism, and improve its own core competitiveness through accumulation and improvement Second, give full play to the advantages of API and extend to the downstream of the value chain Compared with the single link of the value chain, the advantages of enterprises integrating APIs and pharmaceuticals are more and more obvious The reduction of intermediate links has greatly improved the competitiveness of enterprises Some enterprises in Taizhou have stepped on the road of transformation and upgrading Third, pay attention to brand building and enhance comprehensive competitiveness Enterprises can not be satisfied with simply selling products to earn profits, but also pay attention to brand building, to change from price competition to comprehensive service competition, so as to enhance the international status of our pharmaceutical enterprises Fourth, to speed up strategic restructuring, achieve scale production, and implement the strategy of being bigger and stronger, API integration still needs to follow the path of capital alliance, realize complementary advantages and strong alliance, reduce transaction costs through scale and internationalization experience, and improve the core competitiveness of enterprises Western medicine preparations will be a bright spot for the future export of Western medicine In 2004, the export volume of Chinese Western medicine preparations was 320 million US dollars, reaching 2.71 billion US dollars in 2013 Data shows that enterprises need to transform to downstream preparations, which has obvious "temptation" At the same time, we should encourage qualified and powerful enterprises to invest and set up factories overseas Chinese api enterprises can use international advanced R & D capabilities and excellent talents to produce internationally marketable preparations On the one hand, it promotes the export of Chinese api, and on the other hand, it promotes the R & D capabilities of Chinese preparations through cooperation The author predicts that China's API export will still maintain an increase of about 5% - 8% this year It is expected that for quite some time, it will be difficult to change the structure of China's pharmaceutical export mainly based on APIs Although the proportion is less than half, it still accounts for more than 45%, and there will still be cyclical price downturn for bulk API varieties.
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