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Aging Cell: Why are APOE ε4 carriers at high risk of Alzheimer's disease?

 Last Update: 2021-05-20
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Statistics show that 15%-25% of the population carry the APOE ε4 allele, and 2%-3% are homozygous.

The product of the APOE gene is a lipoprotein, which binds to lipids and plays a role in cholesterol metabolism.

cholesterol

Recently, researchers have explored the effect of APOE ε4 genotype on the metabolism of platelets and lymphocytes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

APOE ε4 carriers have lower average platelet mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase Vmax activity and significantly higher lymphocyte Annexin V (a marker of apoptosis).

In APOE ε4 lymphocytes, the proteins that mediate mitosis and energy induction are higher.

APOE ε4 lymphocytes have higher levels of AceCSI, ATP CL, and phosphorylated ACC.

RNAseq MitoCarta3.

APOE ε4 allele activates the inflammatory pathway and modulates the bio-energetic signal APOE ε4 allele activates the inflammatory pathway and modulates the bio-energetic signal

Neither medication nor brain histopathology can explain these findings.

Original source:

Heather M.

et al.

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