After suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus, don't forget to get these vaccines!

HPV vaccine

Most of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are young women, is a high-risk group infected with HPV virus, and HPV vaccine has the effect of preventing HPV infection, thereby effectively preventing cervical cancer, HPV vaccination can be described as a hot topic in recent years, so can lupus patients also be vaccinated against HPV [2]?

Can people with lupus also get the HPV vaccine?

The 2019 guidelines of the European Union Against Rheumatism point out that lupus patients can be vaccinated against HPV, and also give some encouragement to lupus patients in the stable stage of the disease to receive HPV vaccine, but there are also certain restrictions on specific vaccination requirements:

■ It is recommended that female patients with stable lupus can consider HPV vaccination, and should preferably be given
during the period of stable disease.

■ The HPV vaccination plan should be arranged before the planned immunosuppressive treatment, especially B-cell clearance therapy (tatacept, belimumab, etc.
).

■ Patients with lupus can receive inactivated vaccines
when treated with systemic glucocorticoids and other antirheumatic drugs.

■ Use live attenuated vaccine with caution;

■ Newborns born to mothers who receive biological agents in the second half of pregnancy should avoid using live attenuated vaccines
for the first 6 months.
[3-4]

Use live attenuated vaccines with caution; Newborns born to mothers who receive biologic agents in the second half of pregnancy should avoid live attenuated vaccines
for the first 6 months.
[3-4]

Flu vaccine

Influenza is one of the infectious diseases with the largest number of deaths in the world, and the infection rate of the population reaches 5%~20%
every year.

Compared with ordinary people, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have autoimmune dysfunction and use drugs such as glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, so they are more susceptible to influenza virus
infection.
According to statistics, the case fatality rate of lupus patients infected with influenza virus is 5 times that of the general population, so it is more necessary to get vaccinated against influenza as soon as possible [5].

Literature research

The European Federation for Rheumatology and the Advisory Committee on Immunization also fully affirmed the influenza vaccine for patients with lupus, but recommended that patients should receive influenza vaccine once a year before glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants and in a relatively stable state, but patients with increased lupus activity after previous influenza vaccination are not recommended to be vaccinated
.
In addition, live attenuated vaccines are not recommended for patients with lupus due to their pathogenicity [5].

Other vaccines

Guidelines and literature recommend the types and practices of vaccination for patients with lupus, as shown in the table below [6].

After clarifying which vaccines they can receive, in order to better exert the preventive effect on the disease, patients must also clarify what preparations they should make before and after vaccination~

Regarding vaccination, you also need to pay attention to these points

■ Try to take a bath the day before vaccination, change into softer and looser clothes, easy to put on and take off, convenient for injection, and at the same time avoid rubbing the puncture site;

■ Try not to fasting before vaccination to avoid fainting from hypoglycemia, while maintaining good health and avoiding colds;

■ After vaccination, press the puncture site with a cotton swab (5~10 minutes), and then release it when there is no bleeding, and do not rub the vaccination site;

■ Do not leave immediately after vaccination, follow the arrangement of medical staff, and stay at the vaccination site for half an hour, so that serious adverse reactions can be dealt with in time;

■ After vaccination, ensure rest, drink plenty of water, pay attention to keeping warm, prevent infection, try to avoid eating seafood that is easy to cause allergies in the diet, and avoid confusion with allergic reactions;

■ Slight fever and loss of appetite, local redness and swelling within 2~3 days after vaccination are common reactions after vaccination, waiting 2~3 days will disappear on their own, don't worry too much, but if the symptoms are not relieved or even aggravated, you must seek the help of a doctor in time and intervene
as soon as possible.
[7]

In short, although lupus patients have many more restrictions on vaccination than ordinary people, we still have to take the first step of preventing the disease with vaccines when the disease allows, in order to effectively avoid the arrival of other uninvited guests who seriously threaten our health
.