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Abstract: Cheng Jixin's group at Boston University and collaborators at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital have invented a novel blue light therapy against multidrug-resistant fungi and super fungi
.
The therapy is based on inactivating the catalase enzyme in the fungus, thereby drastically reducing or disrupting the fungal defenses against hydrogen peroxide and compounds that can generate reactive oxygen species
.
The synergistic effect of blue light inactivating catalase and reactive oxygen species can significantly inhibit or even eliminate a variety of fungi
.
Keywords: fungal infection; super fungus 'Candida auris'; blue light therapy; catalase inactivation In the past few decades, fungal infections have increased year by year, especially in immunocompromised patients (such as AIDS patients) )
.
Candida albicans is the most common type of fungus that causes fungal infections in humans, and it causes infections ranging from oropharyngeal infections, cutaneous candidiasis, to mucosal infections, deep organ infections and even candidemia
.
Due to the abuse of antifungal drugs, the increasingly widespread multidrug-resistant fungal infection has gradually become a problem that cannot be ignored
.
In particular, Candida auris, which has caused a pandemic in the global health care system in recent years, has been found to be highly infectious and broad-spectrum drug resistance
.
Recent studies suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic can potentially exacerbate outbreaks of C.
auris infection
.
Faced with this serious problem, new antifungal therapy is still urgently needed in clinical practice
.
Catalase, as an important antioxidant, is widely present in most fungi
.
Its main role is to catalyze the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
.
Catalase has an extremely high conversion number.
One catalase molecule can convert 40 million hydrogen peroxide molecules into water and oxygen per second
.
It is a homotetramer, each subunit contains 500 amino acid residues, and the active site of each subunit (where hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed) contains a porphyrin heme group
.
Catalase has a protective effect on fungi that cannot be ignored.
Without this protective umbrella, hydrogen peroxide from internal accumulation or from the outside will undergo Fenton reaction with iron ions to generate a series of free radicals
.
These free radicals will have a significant bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect on fungi
.
Puting Dong, a graduate student in the research group, and collaborators at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital found that the catalase present in fungi can be effectively inactivated by blue light, especially blue light at 410 nm
.
This may be due to the main absorption peak of the porphyrin red pigment group appearing at 410 nm
.
After blue light inactivation of catalase, fungi become particularly sensitive to low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide from the outside world (more than four orders of magnitude), so blue light-induced catalase inactivation and low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide are reasonable The realization of a significant synergistic sterilization method
.
At the same time, the research team also found that this synergistic effect was not obvious in catalase-deficient Candida albicans
.
This experimental result proves that catalase in fungi is indeed the main target of blue light
.
Not only low concentrations of added hydrogen peroxide, blue light inactivation of catalase can also form synergistic effects with low concentrations of antibiotics (such as amphotericin B, miconazole, fluconazole)
.
These synergistic effects have been shown to be effective in more than a dozen common fungi
.
What is more significant is that the synergistic therapy has obvious bactericidal effect on a variety of (more than a dozen) super fungi---Candida auris, and experiments have shown that C.
auris has a very unusual sensitivity to blue light
.
At the same time, the research group found that a week of continuous synergistic therapy against Candida albicans (blue light light plus low-concentration hydrogen peroxide) did not make Candida albicans resistant, and the catalase in Candida albicans was not effective.
There was no significant difference in content
.
This proves that the synergistic therapy is likely not to make the fungus resistant and can be used for long-term treatment and sterilization
.
The researchers believe that this study will open a new window in the fight against drug-resistant fungal infections, especially drug-resistant Candida albicans and the superfungal Candida auris
.
Related papers are published online in Advanced Science
.
The technology has been granted a US patent
.
WILEY paper information: Photoinactivation of Catalase Sensitizes Candida albicans and Candida auris to ROS Producing Agents and Immune CellsPu-Ting Dong, Yuewei Zhan, Sebastian Jusuf, Jie Hui, Zeina Dagher, Michael K.
Mansour*, Ji-Xin Cheng*Advanced ScienceDOI: 10.
1002/advs.
202104384 Click "Read the original text" in the lower left corner to view the original text of the paper
.
Introduction to AdvancedScience Journal Advanced Science is a high-quality open-source journal founded by Wiley in 2014.
It publishes innovative achievements and cutting-edge progress in various fields such as materials science, physical chemistry, biomedicine, and engineering
.
The journal is committed to maximizing the dissemination of scientific research to the public, and all articles are freely available
.
The latest impact factor is 16.
806, and the 2020 SCI journals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are divided into the Q1 area of materials science and the Q1 area of engineering technology
.
Press and hold the QR code on the official WeChat platform of AdvancedScienceNewsWiley's scientific research information to follow us and share cutting-edge information｜Focus on scientific research trends to publish scientific research news or apply for information sharing, please contact: ASNChina@Wiley.
com
.
The therapy is based on inactivating the catalase enzyme in the fungus, thereby drastically reducing or disrupting the fungal defenses against hydrogen peroxide and compounds that can generate reactive oxygen species
.
The synergistic effect of blue light inactivating catalase and reactive oxygen species can significantly inhibit or even eliminate a variety of fungi
.
Keywords: fungal infection; super fungus 'Candida auris'; blue light therapy; catalase inactivation In the past few decades, fungal infections have increased year by year, especially in immunocompromised patients (such as AIDS patients) )
.
Candida albicans is the most common type of fungus that causes fungal infections in humans, and it causes infections ranging from oropharyngeal infections, cutaneous candidiasis, to mucosal infections, deep organ infections and even candidemia
.
Due to the abuse of antifungal drugs, the increasingly widespread multidrug-resistant fungal infection has gradually become a problem that cannot be ignored
.
In particular, Candida auris, which has caused a pandemic in the global health care system in recent years, has been found to be highly infectious and broad-spectrum drug resistance
.
Recent studies suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic can potentially exacerbate outbreaks of C.
auris infection
.
Faced with this serious problem, new antifungal therapy is still urgently needed in clinical practice
.
Catalase, as an important antioxidant, is widely present in most fungi
.
Its main role is to catalyze the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
.
Catalase has an extremely high conversion number.
One catalase molecule can convert 40 million hydrogen peroxide molecules into water and oxygen per second
.
It is a homotetramer, each subunit contains 500 amino acid residues, and the active site of each subunit (where hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed) contains a porphyrin heme group
.
Catalase has a protective effect on fungi that cannot be ignored.
Without this protective umbrella, hydrogen peroxide from internal accumulation or from the outside will undergo Fenton reaction with iron ions to generate a series of free radicals
.
These free radicals will have a significant bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect on fungi
.
Puting Dong, a graduate student in the research group, and collaborators at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital found that the catalase present in fungi can be effectively inactivated by blue light, especially blue light at 410 nm
.
This may be due to the main absorption peak of the porphyrin red pigment group appearing at 410 nm
.
After blue light inactivation of catalase, fungi become particularly sensitive to low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide from the outside world (more than four orders of magnitude), so blue light-induced catalase inactivation and low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide are reasonable The realization of a significant synergistic sterilization method
.
At the same time, the research team also found that this synergistic effect was not obvious in catalase-deficient Candida albicans
.
This experimental result proves that catalase in fungi is indeed the main target of blue light
.
Not only low concentrations of added hydrogen peroxide, blue light inactivation of catalase can also form synergistic effects with low concentrations of antibiotics (such as amphotericin B, miconazole, fluconazole)
.
These synergistic effects have been shown to be effective in more than a dozen common fungi
.
What is more significant is that the synergistic therapy has obvious bactericidal effect on a variety of (more than a dozen) super fungi---Candida auris, and experiments have shown that C.
auris has a very unusual sensitivity to blue light
.
At the same time, the research group found that a week of continuous synergistic therapy against Candida albicans (blue light light plus low-concentration hydrogen peroxide) did not make Candida albicans resistant, and the catalase in Candida albicans was not effective.
There was no significant difference in content
.
This proves that the synergistic therapy is likely not to make the fungus resistant and can be used for long-term treatment and sterilization
.
The researchers believe that this study will open a new window in the fight against drug-resistant fungal infections, especially drug-resistant Candida albicans and the superfungal Candida auris
.
Related papers are published online in Advanced Science
.
The technology has been granted a US patent
.
WILEY paper information: Photoinactivation of Catalase Sensitizes Candida albicans and Candida auris to ROS Producing Agents and Immune CellsPu-Ting Dong, Yuewei Zhan, Sebastian Jusuf, Jie Hui, Zeina Dagher, Michael K.
Mansour*, Ji-Xin Cheng*Advanced ScienceDOI: 10.
1002/advs.
202104384 Click "Read the original text" in the lower left corner to view the original text of the paper
.
Introduction to AdvancedScience Journal Advanced Science is a high-quality open-source journal founded by Wiley in 2014.
It publishes innovative achievements and cutting-edge progress in various fields such as materials science, physical chemistry, biomedicine, and engineering
.
The journal is committed to maximizing the dissemination of scientific research to the public, and all articles are freely available
.
The latest impact factor is 16.
806, and the 2020 SCI journals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are divided into the Q1 area of materials science and the Q1 area of engineering technology
.
Press and hold the QR code on the official WeChat platform of AdvancedScienceNewsWiley's scientific research information to follow us and share cutting-edge information｜Focus on scientific research trends to publish scientific research news or apply for information sharing, please contact: ASNChina@Wiley.
com
