Acta Neuropathologica: Blue spot degeneration is a common feature of tau disease, unlike TDP-43 protein lesions in the frontal temporal lobe degeneration spectrum.

Blue spot (LC) is the two-sided brain bridge nucleosis of the neurons of cerpamine, which is the main source of dethyroidine for the central nervous system.
anatomy tracking studies have shown that LC incoming fibers may be relatively small compared to many LC outgoing fibers.
LC more tail-side epinephrine-energy neurons have downside nerves to the spinal cord, while more kiss-side gothrene-energy neurons dominate the brain," the hypothyroidism, the epitheliosis, and most of the cortical layer.
because of its extensive network of interconnectednesss, changing LC and its wide projection can disrupt many cognitive functions, including wake-up, attention, learning, and memory.
LC neurodegenerative disorders in geriatric neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been documented.
, however, a comparative study of LC neurodegenerative degeneration (FTLD-tau) and TDP-43 protein lesions (FTLD-TDP) in the frontal temporal lobe degenerative (FTLD) protein disease is lacking.
, we have validated the hypothesis that FTLD-TAU's LC neuropathology and neurodegenerative changes are significant compared to FLD-TDP.
we tested 280 patients, including FLD-tau (n-94), FTLD-TDP (n-135) and two control groups: clinical/pathological AD (n-32) and healthy control group (HC, n-19).
Immune staining of adjacent parts of brain bridge tissue containing LC TDP-43 (1D3-p409/410), high phosphate tau (PHF-1) and tyrosine hydroxygenase (TH) to detect neural melanin-containing epinephrine neurons.
we semi-quantitatively rated the inclusions of tau and TDP-43 in LC neuron cytosomes and peripheral nerve cell membranes, without considering clinical and pathological diagnosis.
We also measured digitally the percentage of neurosolin in TH-positive LC neurons and peripheral nerve cells to calculate the ratio of neurosolin outside and within cells as an objective and comprehensive indicator of neurodegenerative change.
we found that the LC-tau load in FLD-tau was greater than the LC-TDP-43 load in FLD-TDP (z-11.38, p-lt;0.0001).
the pathological and clinical subgroups of FTLD-TDP, the tau load and neurodegenerative changes of LC continued to increase compared to the FLD-TDP subgroup.
findings suggest that all tau disease transmission patterns include significant LC tau and neurodegenerative changes, which are relatively different from the minimal degenerative changes in LC in FLD-TDP and HC.
: The treatment of brain tissue as described earlier.
in short, fresh tissue is sampled during autopsies for neuropathological diagnosis in standardized areas, including cross-sections of the kiss-side brain bridge containing LC.
tissue is fixed overnight in 10% neutral buffer Folmarin or 70% ethanol containing 150 mmol NaCl, and the paraffin encases are cut into 6 m thick slices.
neuropathological diagnosis is done by neurologists using paraffin-encrusted tissue slices, dyed according to the previously described characteristic antibodies of tau, amyloid-β, α-synth nucleoprotein, and TDP-43.
summary, our study reveals new, converged evidence that there are a large number of tau neuropathological and neurodegenerative variants in LC of FTLD-TDP compared to FLD-TDP, where LC neurodegenerative variants are associated with FLD-type tau inclusives and not with TDP-43 pathology.
Ohm, D.T., Peterson, C., Lobrovich, R. et al. Degeneration of the locus coeruleus is a common feature of tauopathies and distinct TDP-43 proteinopathies in the frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum. Acta Neuropathol 140, 675-693 (2020). MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medicine and are not authorized to be reproduced by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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