According to the latest WHO tuberculosis report, 1.6 million people died of tuberculosis in 2021, and the incidence of tuberculosis in China is the third in the world

On October 27, the World Health Organization released the "2022 Global Tuberculosis Report", which showed that in 2021, there were 10.
6 million new tuberculosis patients in the world, with an incidence rate of 134/100,000, and the cumulative incidence of tuberculosis decreased by 10% between 2015 and 2021, which is exactly half (20%)
of the milestone of the strategy to end tuberculosis in 2020.
The number of new TB cases in China was 780,000, down
from 842 000 in 2020.
The estimated incidence of tuberculosis is 55 per 100,000 (59 per 100,000 in 2020), ranking third among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis, accounting for 7.
4% of global tuberculosis cases, lower than Indonesia with 969,000 and India with 2.
95 million
.

According to the WHO report, the number of newly diagnosed TB cases fell from 7.
1 million in 2019 to 5.
8 million in 2020.

Although the number of new cases rebounded to 6.
4 million last year, it is still well below pre-pandemic levels
.
The report notes that the large decrease in the number of TB patients reported in 2020 and 2021 indicates an increase in the number of undiagnosed and untreated TB patients, which will lead to an increase in the number of deaths from TB and more community-transmitted infections
.

Global deaths from TB have increased since 2019-2021, reversing the downward trend
seen between 2005 and 2019.
An estimated 1.
6 million people died of TB globally in 2021, up from 2020 (1.
5 million) and 2019 (1.
4 million) and back to 2017 levels
.
The net reduction in deaths between 2015 and 2021 was only 5.
9%, one sixth
of the 2020 TB ending strategy milestone (35% fewer deaths).

In addition to this, the pandemic has other negative effects on TB: the number of rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant TB patients treated decreased by 17% in 2020 compared to 2019, accounting for about 1/3 of those in need of treatment, while there was a slight recovery in 2021 (7.
5% more than in 2020); Real global spending on essential TB services began to decline, from US$ 6 billion in 2019 to US$ 5.
4 billion in 2021, less than half of what is needed; In 2020~2021, the global BCG vaccination rate continued to decline, especially in the Americas, Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions of the World Health Organization
.

The goals of the WHO TB elimination strategy adopted in 2014 call for a 17% annual reduction in global TB incidence between 2025~2035, compared with a baseline level of 2% per year in 2015 and 10%
per year by 2025.
In its latest report, WHO highlights that TB research and the development of innovative medicines are critical
to the current global TB goal of reducing TB morbidity and mortality.
"Scaling up research and innovation" is the third pillar
of the End TB strategy.
As of September 2022, a total of 26 drugs for TB are in Phase I, II or III trials, and at least 22 clinical trials are underway to evaluate drugs and drug regimens for the treatment of TB infection, including trials to prevent drug-resistant TB in high-risk household contacts of MDR-TB patients (MDR), and to assess how to optimize short-term TB prophylaxis (TPT) in very young children and people living with HIV management of trials; There are 16 vaccine candidates in clinical trials, including one developed by a Chinese pharmaceutical company
.