Absorption and metabolism of bioactive substances from grape

2015-02-04 classification: efficacy 0 people commented on the bioactive substances from wine or grape The active ingredients mainly include proanthocyanidins (concentrated tannins), flavonoids (catechins, epicatechins, quercetin, anthocyanins, etc.), resveratrols, phenolic acids, etc However, there are few reports about the absorption and metabolism of active ingredients Lapidot et al (1998) evaluated the bioavailability of anthocyanins in wine in human body Six healthy fasting people were selected as subjects After 300 ml red wine (equivalent to 216 mg of anthocyanin compound) was ingested, the content of anthocyanin or its metabolites in their urine was detected The results showed that two unchanged anthocyanins were found in urine, while other anthocyanins appeared to undergo certain molecular modification Within 6 hours after drinking red wine, the content of anthocyanins in urine reached a peak, while within 12 hours, 1.5% - 5.1% of anthocyanins were detected in urine In addition, de gaulejac et al (1999) showed that the scavenging activity of many glucosidic anthocyanins was higher than that of their ligands, which was due to the presence of glucose group at the 3-position of C-ring, which made p-benzene ring tend to flatten, so that C-ring was more vulnerable to anion attack It can be seen that many physiological functions of wine can not lack the contribution of glycosylated flavonoids in the body There are few reports about the absorption and metabolism of proanthocyanidins in human body However, studies have shown that procyanidin dimers, trimers and other oligomers can be well absorbed by human intestinal cells Caco-2 In addition, studies have shown that the procyanidins with higher polymerization degree can be degraded into phenolic acids with low molecular weight by colonic flora and absorbed by human body Koga et al (1999) showed that the antioxidant potential in plasma increased 15 minutes after oral intake of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract, and reached the highest level 30 minutes later They also detected several of their metabolites in rat plasma, such as gallic acid, and the peak content detected after ingestion was almost consistent with the change of antioxidant activity The content of polyphenols in grape seed extract is only 5.6%, which can be confirmed that most of these metabolites come from proanthocyanidins It can be seen that proanthocyanidins can be absorbed by mice in stomach and duodenum Yamakoshi et al (1999), a Japanese scholar, have detected oligomers in the plasma of mice fed with proanthocyanidins, with a concentration of (18,1 ± 0.14) μ g / ml However, the absorption and metabolism of proanthocyanidins in vivo need further study There are also very few data on resveratrol absorption and metabolism Animal experiments show that the compound can be well absorbed and accumulated in liver and kidney Juan et al (2002) studied the pharmacokinetics of resveratrol in rat plasma The changes of resveratrol concentration in the blood of mice fed with 2 mg / kg resveratrol were detected at any time The results showed that the compound could be absorbed quickly by the small intestine, and the maximum absorption peak (about 550mg / ml) appeared within 10 minutes, and the compound could still be detected in the blood at least 60 minutes after feeding.