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*Only for medical professionals to read and refer to manage these ten carriages, diabetics do not have to
worry!
November 14, 2022 marks the 16th United Nations Diabetes Day, and this year's theme is "Education for Tomorrow.
" : education to protect tomorrow）
。
At present, the treatment of diabetes has been summarized by experts into the new and old "five carriages" that are easy to understand, the old "five carriages" to control high blood sugar, and the new "five carriages" to prevent and treat complications
.
Today, follow the editor to understand the ten carriages that escort diabetics~
for the control of diabetes.
1.
Control cholesterol Common blood lipid disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are elevated triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) elevated, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) elevated, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
decline, these are all risk factors
for cardiovascular disease.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important measure to maintain healthy blood lipid levels and control blood lipid disorders, mainly including: reducing the intake of saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol, and increasing N-3 fatty acids , intake of dietary fiber, plant sterols/sterols, weight loss (if indicated), increase physical activity.
At the same time, the use of statin lipid-modifying drugs can reduce TC and LDL-C levels, and LDL-C is less than 2.
6 mmol/L in general diabetic patients and less than 1.
8 mmol/L in high-risk groups
。
2.
Control blood pressure
and hypertension is one of the common complications or associated with diabetes, and patients with type 2 diabetes in China's outpatient clinics About 50% are accompanied by hypertension
.
To control hypertension, lifestyle interventions are important tools
.
If the blood pressure level in diabetics exceeds 120/80 mmHg, lifestyle interventions should be initiated to lower blood pressure and prevent the development of hypertension; Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg, antihypertensive therapy may be considered; When systolic blood pressure ≥ 160mmHg, antihypertensive therapy
must be initiated.
The blood pressure target is less than 130/80mmHg
.
3.
Blood sugar management
4.
Weight management
is the most important
thing for diabetic patients not to be fat or thin.
Patients with a body mass index below 19 should gain muscle mass to gain weight; Obesity is a common complication of type 2 diabetes
.
Diabetic patients should strive to control the body mass index in the most suitable range through diet, exercise, drugs and even surgery, and the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes recommend that the body mass index of diabetic patients < 24 </b114> and of type 2 diabetes in China
It includes the five main points
of "education, diet, exercise, medication, monitoring".
1.
Education is the core
, only by understanding diabetes can we defeat diabetes
.
It is necessary to look at this disease correctly and maintain a good attitude; At the same time, we should learn more about diabetes by reading books, listening to lectures and other forms, and actively manage and control the occurrence of
diseases.
2.
Diet is a basic
and reasonable diet, which can help diabetic patients reduce the burden of pancreatic islets, correct metabolic disorders, and control weight range So as to achieve the purpose of
effective control of blood glucose indicators.
Scientific diet should follow four basic principles, namely: reasonable control of total diet, balanced diet, regular and quantitative meals, and a small number of frequent meals for a small number of patients
。
Diabetic patients diet sugar control, here is clear: diet sugar control, the key to do these 7 points
3, Exercise is a means of proper exercise that will help diabetics control blood sugar, lose weight, enhance insulin sensitivity, improve blood lipid levels and cardiovascular function.
It is recommended to do some common sports such as walking, dancing, climbing, jogging, skipping rope, swimming, tai chi, cycling, etc.
, and the way of exercise can be determined according to each person's hobbies
.
How to exercise for diabetics, please see here: 4 points for correct exercise for diabetics!
4.
Drugs are weaponsIf
you intervene through a scientific lifestyle and still cannot control blood sugar, you need to consult a doctor and choose the drug
that suits you.
Drug treatment mainly includes the rational combination of 7 major categories of oral hypoglycemic drugs, injection of insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA).
When taking medication, patients should follow the doctor's advice and use drugs
rationally.
Table 2: Indications and adverse reactions of commonly used oral hypoglycemic drugs
5.
Monitoring is the guarantee
Want to learn more about blood glucose self-monitoring? Please poke how to do blood glucose self-monitoring in diabetics? Experts say so.
.
.
In addition, diabetic patients should also do blood lipids, fundus, kidney function, urinary microalbumin excretion rate and other monitoring once every six months to one year, so as to more accurately grasp their health indicators and better control the disease
.
Question 2: Height Body Mass Index
Question 3: Waist Circumference
Question 4: 30 minutes of physical activity a day?
Question 5: Eat fruits and vegetables every day?
Question 6: Take high blood pressure medication regularly?
Question 7: Have you ever found high blood sugar?
Question 8: Does a relative have diabetes?
The results are revealed! How high is your risk of diabetes?
What are your test results? Come and share it in the comment area ~
expert resume
Where to see more endocrinology clinical knowledge? Come to the "doctor's station" and take a look 👇
worry!
November 14, 2022 marks the 16th United Nations Diabetes Day, and this year's theme is "Education for Tomorrow.
" : education to protect tomorrow）
。
At present, the treatment of diabetes has been summarized by experts into the new and old "five carriages" that are easy to understand, the old "five carriages" to control high blood sugar, and the new "five carriages" to prevent and treat complications
.
Today, follow the editor to understand the ten carriages that escort diabetics~
First, the new "five carriages" keep pace with the times
The new "Five Troika", namely cholesterol control, blood pressure control, blood sugar management, weight management, and antiplatelet therapy, is a supplement and improvement to the old "Five Troika", which has more comprehensive guiding significancefor the control of diabetes.
1.
Control cholesterol Common blood lipid disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are elevated triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) elevated, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) elevated, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
decline, these are all risk factors
for cardiovascular disease.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important measure to maintain healthy blood lipid levels and control blood lipid disorders, mainly including: reducing the intake of saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol, and increasing N-3 fatty acids , intake of dietary fiber, plant sterols/sterols, weight loss (if indicated), increase physical activity.
At the same time, the use of statin lipid-modifying drugs can reduce TC and LDL-C levels, and LDL-C is less than 2.
6 mmol/L in general diabetic patients and less than 1.
8 mmol/L in high-risk groups
。
2.
Control blood pressure
and hypertension is one of the common complications or associated with diabetes, and patients with type 2 diabetes in China's outpatient clinics About 50% are accompanied by hypertension
.
To control hypertension, lifestyle interventions are important tools
.
If the blood pressure level in diabetics exceeds 120/80 mmHg, lifestyle interventions should be initiated to lower blood pressure and prevent the development of hypertension; Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg, antihypertensive therapy may be considered; When systolic blood pressure ≥ 160mmHg, antihypertensive therapy
must be initiated.
The blood pressure target is less than 130/80mmHg
.
3.
Blood sugar management
The quality of blood glucose control in diabetic patients determines the occurrence and development of diabetic microvascular complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy
.
The degree of elevated blood glucose and the length of time high blood sugar is key
to these complications.
There are 4 dimensions of blood glucose management: fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and blood glucose within the normal range
.
4.
Weight management
is the most important
thing for diabetic patients not to be fat or thin.
Patients with a body mass index below 19 should gain muscle mass to gain weight; Obesity is a common complication of type 2 diabetes
.
Diabetic patients should strive to control the body mass index in the most suitable range through diet, exercise, drugs and even surgery, and the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes recommend that the body mass index of diabetic patients < 24 </b114> and of type 2 diabetes in China
Second, the old "five carriages" precise sugar control
It includes the five main points
of "education, diet, exercise, medication, monitoring".
1.
Education is the core
, only by understanding diabetes can we defeat diabetes
.
It is necessary to look at this disease correctly and maintain a good attitude; At the same time, we should learn more about diabetes by reading books, listening to lectures and other forms, and actively manage and control the occurrence of
diseases.
2.
Diet is a basic
and reasonable diet, which can help diabetic patients reduce the burden of pancreatic islets, correct metabolic disorders, and control weight range So as to achieve the purpose of
effective control of blood glucose indicators.
Scientific diet should follow four basic principles, namely: reasonable control of total diet, balanced diet, regular and quantitative meals, and a small number of frequent meals for a small number of patients
。
Diabetic patients diet sugar control, here is clear: diet sugar control, the key to do these 7 points
3, Exercise is a means of proper exercise that will help diabetics control blood sugar, lose weight, enhance insulin sensitivity, improve blood lipid levels and cardiovascular function.
It is recommended to do some common sports such as walking, dancing, climbing, jogging, skipping rope, swimming, tai chi, cycling, etc.
, and the way of exercise can be determined according to each person's hobbies
.
How to exercise for diabetics, please see here: 4 points for correct exercise for diabetics!
4.
Drugs are weaponsIf
you intervene through a scientific lifestyle and still cannot control blood sugar, you need to consult a doctor and choose the drug
that suits you.
Drug treatment mainly includes the rational combination of 7 major categories of oral hypoglycemic drugs, injection of insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA).
When taking medication, patients should follow the doctor's advice and use drugs
rationally.
Table 2: Indications and adverse reactions of commonly used oral hypoglycemic drugs
Want to learn how to choose a complete hypoglycemic agent? Poke here: How to choose hypoglycemic drugs? 9 major classes of drugs in one article!
5.
Monitoring is the guarantee
Active condition monitoring can help diabetic patients effectively monitor the treatment effect, adjust the treatment plan in time, and prevent and delay the occurrence of
complications.
Table 3: According to different drug treatment regimens and blood glucose attainment,
The frequency of monitoring also varies, but the point at which you need to measure your blood sugar is the point where you need to take your blood sugar
Want to learn more about blood glucose self-monitoring? Please poke how to do blood glucose self-monitoring in diabetics? Experts say so.
.
.
In addition, diabetic patients should also do blood lipids, fundus, kidney function, urinary microalbumin excretion rate and other monitoring once every six months to one year, so as to more accurately grasp their health indicators and better control the disease
.
3.
Diabetes questionnaire:
Eight small questions to measure diabetes risk!
Having said all that, how much is your diabetes risk? Hurry up and test it!
Question 2: Height Body Mass Index
Question 3: Waist Circumference
Question 4: 30 minutes of physical activity a day?
Question 5: Eat fruits and vegetables every day?
Question 6: Take high blood pressure medication regularly?
Question 7: Have you ever found high blood sugar?
Question 8: Does a relative have diabetes?
The results are revealed! How high is your risk of diabetes?
What are your test results? Come and share it in the comment area ~
expert resume
Zou Dajin
Professor, chief physician and doctoral supervisor of the Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University
Honorary Director of the Institute of Obesity, Tongji University School of Medicine, Director of the Shanghai Thyroid Disease Research Center
In 2017, he was the first famous doctor of China, the first to fourth vice president of the Endocrinology and Metabolism Physician Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the first chairman of the Obesity Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the vice chairman of the 6th, 7th and 8th Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the first leader of the Obesity Group of the Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the second and third deputy editors of the Chinese Journal of Diabetes, the sixth deputy editor of Shanghai Medicine, and the former director of the Department of Endocrinology of Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University (1999-2013)
Former Chairman of Diabetes Society of Shanghai Medical Association, Vice Chairman of Endocrinologist Branch of Shanghai Medical Association
He has won the second prize of military scientific and technological progress and the second prize of military medical achievements
He is the chief editor of monographs: "Practical Obesity", "You Can Beat Diabetes", "Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Complications", "New Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Hypertension", etc
Research interests: obesity and reversal of type 2 diabetes
Where to see more endocrinology clinical knowledge? Come to the "doctor's station" and take a look 👇
