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▎Editor of WuXi AppTec's content team.
Recently, researchers from Yale University School of Medicine published a study in Cell Reports.
Through large-scale screening of mouse genes, they identified 40 main inhibitors of nerve cell axon regeneration.
gene.
By editing some of these genes, the research team successfully repaired the damaged optic nerve in glaucoma model mice.
For decades, nerve repair has been a huge challenge.
When the central nervous system cells of the brain and spine are damaged due to disease or trauma, the part of nerve cells used to transmit information-axons are difficult to regenerate themselves, which greatly limits the body's ability to recover.
Professor Stephen Strittmatter, who is in charge of this research, is dedicated to finding the molecular mechanism behind nerve repair.
In previous studies, he and other scientists have discovered that some genes are involved in inhibiting the regeneration of central nerve cells.
But now, using more advanced technologies-including shRNA that silences gene expression, and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to remove individual genes and assess their effects, researchers can further expand the scope of their search and identify the culprits that limit axon regeneration.
▲ Schematic diagram of the study (picture source: reference [1]) The research team first identified 400 candidate genes in the cultured cortical neurons.
After further screening and verification in vivo experiments, one-tenth of the gene pairs were found The axon regeneration of the mouse central nervous system cells has a direct effect.
Among the 40 genes identified, there is a gene encoding interleukin 22 (IL-22), which can change the expression of multiple neuron regeneration genes.
In the retina of glaucoma mice, the researchers relieved the inhibitory effect of this gene by inhibiting IL-22, and found that the axon regeneration ability of the mouse optic nerve was greatly enhanced and nerve repair was improved.
▲The axons of the mouse optic nerve extend from the retina (left) to the brain (right).
Compared with the damaged axons (top), after IL-22 is inhibited (bottom), more axons are repaired and extended more.
Long (picture source: References[2]; Credit: Strittmatter lab, Yale) The author of the research pointed out at the end of the paper that these results indicate that multiple pathways can provide new molecular pathways for promoting nerve repair.
“Importantly, for multiple Interventions by gene editing or combination drugs provide opportunities.
"
"This discovery opens a new chapter in regeneration research.
" Professor Stephen Strittmatter said, "Future research will explore how to regulate or block these 40 genes to improve the damage caused by stroke, brain injury or spinal cord injury, and promote nerve repair.
.
"references: [1] JaneA.
Lindborg et al, (201) Optic nerve regeneration screen identifies multiplegenes restricting adult neural repair Cell Reports https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
celrep.
2021.
108777[2].
.
.
Researchers found dozens of genes that block regeneration of neurons.
Retrieved 2021-03-02, from https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-03-dozens-genes-block-regeneration-neurons.
html
Recently, researchers from Yale University School of Medicine published a study in Cell Reports.
Through large-scale screening of mouse genes, they identified 40 main inhibitors of nerve cell axon regeneration.
gene.
By editing some of these genes, the research team successfully repaired the damaged optic nerve in glaucoma model mice.
For decades, nerve repair has been a huge challenge.
When the central nervous system cells of the brain and spine are damaged due to disease or trauma, the part of nerve cells used to transmit information-axons are difficult to regenerate themselves, which greatly limits the body's ability to recover.
Professor Stephen Strittmatter, who is in charge of this research, is dedicated to finding the molecular mechanism behind nerve repair.
In previous studies, he and other scientists have discovered that some genes are involved in inhibiting the regeneration of central nerve cells.
But now, using more advanced technologies-including shRNA that silences gene expression, and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to remove individual genes and assess their effects, researchers can further expand the scope of their search and identify the culprits that limit axon regeneration.
▲ Schematic diagram of the study (picture source: reference [1]) The research team first identified 400 candidate genes in the cultured cortical neurons.
After further screening and verification in vivo experiments, one-tenth of the gene pairs were found The axon regeneration of the mouse central nervous system cells has a direct effect.
Among the 40 genes identified, there is a gene encoding interleukin 22 (IL-22), which can change the expression of multiple neuron regeneration genes.
In the retina of glaucoma mice, the researchers relieved the inhibitory effect of this gene by inhibiting IL-22, and found that the axon regeneration ability of the mouse optic nerve was greatly enhanced and nerve repair was improved.
▲The axons of the mouse optic nerve extend from the retina (left) to the brain (right).
Compared with the damaged axons (top), after IL-22 is inhibited (bottom), more axons are repaired and extended more.
Long (picture source: References[2]; Credit: Strittmatter lab, Yale) The author of the research pointed out at the end of the paper that these results indicate that multiple pathways can provide new molecular pathways for promoting nerve repair.
“Importantly, for multiple Interventions by gene editing or combination drugs provide opportunities.
"
"This discovery opens a new chapter in regeneration research.
" Professor Stephen Strittmatter said, "Future research will explore how to regulate or block these 40 genes to improve the damage caused by stroke, brain injury or spinal cord injury, and promote nerve repair.
.
"references: [1] JaneA.
Lindborg et al, (201) Optic nerve regeneration screen identifies multiplegenes restricting adult neural repair Cell Reports https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
celrep.
2021.
108777[2].
.
.
Researchers found dozens of genes that block regeneration of neurons.
Retrieved 2021-03-02, from https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-03-dozens-genes-block-regeneration-neurons.
html