A major breakthrough in Science! Scientists find a lot of bacteria in cancer cells! Cancer-specific flora appears!

June 2, 2020 /
BiovalleyBIOON / - Cancer cells are a comfort ingesting nest forbacteriaThe findings come from rigorous studies ofsamples oftumors from more than 1,000 different human cancersThe study, led by researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science, found that bacteria are present in all cancer types of cells, from the brain to bones tobreast cancer, and even found a unique population of bacteria in each cancerStudies have shown that understanding the relationship between cancer cells and their "micromicromicrogroup" may help predict the potential effectiveness of certain treatments, or may point the way for future manipulation of thesebacteria
to enhance the role of anticancer therapyThe results of the study were published in the journal Sciencea few years ago, DrRavid Straussman, of the institute's department of molecularcell biology
, discovered bacteria lurking in tumor cells of the human pancreas, which have been shown to protect cancer cells from chemotherapy drugs by "digesting" and inactivating themWhile other studies have also foundbacterialin tumor cells, Straussman and his team wonder whether such a host might be a rule, not an exceptionTo find out, DrDeborah Nejman and Ilana Livyatan of the Straussman team, as well as DrGarold Fuks of the Complex Systems Physics Department, worked withoncologists and researchers around the worldThe work was also led by DrNoam Shental of the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Open University of Israelimage source: https://cn.bing.com
the team conducted a detailed study describing the bacteria in these cancers in high resolution -- including the brain, bones, breasts, lungs, ovaries, pancreas, colorectal andmelanomaThey found that every cancer, from the brain to the bone, had bacteria, and that different types of cancer had different types of bacteriaHowever, breast cancer has the highest number and diversity of bacteria The team showed that more bacteria could be found in breast tumors than in the tissues around normal breast tumors, and that some bacteria found in the tumor tissue rather than in the normal tissue around the tumor In order to get these results, the team must overcome several challenges First, the of bacteria in the tumor sample is relatively small, and researchers must find ways to focus on the tiny cells in these cells They must also eliminate any possible external pollution To do this, they used hundreds of negative controls and created a series of computational filters to remove any traces of any bacteria that might come from outside the sample of tumors
the team was able to grow bacterial directly from human breast tumors, and their results showed that the bacteria found in these tumor were alive These the electron microscopes bacteria show that they prefer to be in a specific location within the cancer cells -- close to the nucleus different cells have different bacteria
the team also reported that bacteria not only in cancer cells, but also in immune cells tumors "Some of these bacteria may enhance the anti-cancer immune response, while others may suppress this response -- a finding that may be particularly relevant to understanding the effectiveness of certain immunotherapy therapies," Straussman said In fact, when the team compared bacteria from a sample group of melanomas, they found that there were different bacterial enrichments in melanomas that responded to immunotherapy, and in melanoma tumors that responded poorly to immunotherapy
bacteria rich Picture Source: of the Weizmann Institute The study could also explain why some bacteria like cancer cells, and why each cancer has its own typical microbiome: the difference is clearly due to the choice of environment provided in each tumor cell environment, Straussman said That is, bacteria may depend on certain metabolites that are produced by or stored in a particular tumor type For example, when the team compared bacteria found in smokers' lung tumor to those found in patients who had never smoked, they found differences When the researchers compared the genes that bacteria , the differences were even more pronounced: the genes in lung cancer cells in smokers had more genes to metabolize nicotine, toluene, phenol and other chemicals found in cigarette smoke in addition to showing unique bacterial populations in some of the most common cancer cells, the researchers believe they have developed a method that could be used to answer some of the key questions about the role of these bacteria: do they bacteria eat the surplus metabolites of cancer cells, or does it provide a service to cells? At what stage did they settle? How do they promote or hinder the growth of cancer? How do they affect their response to various anti-cancer treatments? "Tumors are a complex ecosystem that, in addition to cancer cells, immune cells, matrix cells, blood vessels, nerves and other components, are all components of what we call the tumor microenvironment Our research, as well as that of other laboratories, clearly shows that bacterial is also an integral part of the tumor microenvironment "We hope that by finding out exactly how they fit into the cancer ecology in general, we can find new ways to treat cancer," Straussman said (biovalleybioon.com) Reference: Deborah Nejman et al.
The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type-specific intracellular bacteria.
Science 29 May 2020: Vol 368, Issue 6494, pp 973-980 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9189
inside inside cells: that bacteria live in cancer