A brief analysis of the connection between the smart grid and the power Internet of Things and between them

Ren Yunye Ankerui Electric Co.
, Ltd.
Shanghai Jiading 2018010 Introduction In the era of artificial intelligence, the information revolution and digital revolution in the field of weak current are developing
along the Internet of information interconnection and the embedded system of external information perception and control.

So far, the integration of the Internet and embedded systems has given birth to the Internet of Things, and has bravely moved forward
along the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing.

In the field of strong electricity, the State Grid builds along the strong power grid and strong smart grid until it is integrated with the Internet and embedded systems, giving birth to the ubiquitous power Internet of Things, so that artificial intelligence has entered a new era of Internet of
Things applications with strong and weak electricity.

In this new era, on the one hand, the power system is intelligent, transmission, distribution, and power supply; On the other hand, it is to unify strong electricity (power supply system) and weak current (Internet and embedded power consumption system) in the form of use and power supply to realize the era of global artificial intelligence
.

1 In the new era of Internet of Things applications, many Internet of Things terminal systems are a power system, and many application scenarios focus on the intelligent control application
of weak current system information interconnection network terminals.

Usually, the intelligent system does not involve the power supply part, and is only responsible for completing the intelligent information interaction and management of the system to achieve intelligent control
of the system.

After entering the era of the Internet of Things, application systems have gradually integrated into a huge network system
.

Taking electric vehicles as an example, the whole vehicle system of electric vehicles and the corresponding charging piles is a comprehensive system
of strong electric electric drive and weak current intelligent control.

This fully shows that with the in-depth development of the application of the Internet of Things, the gradual integration of electricity consumption and power supply, weak electricity and strong electricity, and the intelligent management of system and power supply has become an important part of the application of the Internet of
Things.

With the continuous improvement of the smart grid and the mutual integration of the Internet and the smart grid, the Internet of Things has entered a new era
in which the two wings of use, power supply management and information system intelligence fly together.

2 The national strategic project of smart grid The national grid is related to the major national economy and people's livelihood, and the world's sovereign powers have a tightly controlled national grid system to ensure the security
of the power grid.

At the beginning of the 21st century, with the development of artificial intelligence, the intelligence of the national grid has become a national strategic project in all countries in the world, from the traditional power grid to the smart grid, it has experienced two stages
of strong grid construction and strong smart grid construction.

In 2009, the State Grid Corporation of China announced the "smart grid" development plan, with the goal of building a "unified and strong smart grid", and it is expected to complete the smart grid transformation by 2020, with a total planned investment of more than 4 trillion yuan
.

Unified and strong smart grid is a concept proposed by people in the industry of the State Grid, which refers to the national smart grid with the characteristics of informatization, automation and interaction with the principles of unified planning, unified standards and unified construction, the UHV power grid as the backbone grid, and the coordinated development of power grids
at all levels.

The primary task of smart grid construction is the construction of information systems, that is, the construction of a network-wide information transmission system on the basis of a strong power grid
.

Earlier, microwave relay communication was used inside the power grid, which was later replaced
by optical fiber communication.

At present, various specifications of optical fiber composite cables (power optical cables) have covered the entire power grid, forming a smart grid
based on optical fiber communication.

Low-voltage power fiber optic cables have become the main form of optical fiber into the home, completing the last mile of the smart grid construction
.

In 2010, the state launched the power fiber optics to the home project, which can be connected with telecommunications networks, radio and television networks, and the Internet while providing electric energy, so as to meet the needs
of informatization, automation and interaction on the power side of the smart grid.

3 What is ubiquitous power Internet of Things In simple terms, the Internet of Things is the Internet of Everything on the basis of the Internet; The Internet of Things is the Internet of Everything within the smart grid; The ubiquitous Internet of Things is the extension of the Internet of Things to the smart grid, and the interface that extends to each other is the smart substation and the smart meter
.

(1) The intranet and extranet ubiquitous power Internet of Things of ubiquitous power Internet of Things are a ubiquitous Internet of Things
based on the smart grid.

Ubiquitous power Internet of Things comes from the smart grid, which is first applied within the power system, including the traditional power generation, substation, transmission, power supply, power dispatching, as well as the intelligent control of grid connection and use/power supply system in the new energy field, which is called the intranet
of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things.

With the development of intelligent power management technology of electrical equipment, the power Internet of Things will inevitably spill over to the power consumption end, so that the existing Internet of Things will enter the era of intelligent power management, and the part that spills into the existing Internet of Things field is called the external network
.

This division between the internal and external networks is justified, because the two parts are different in nature and the differences are obvious
.

The intranet is a strong power field, and it is also a national grid strictly controlled by the state; The external network relies on the field of weak electricity, free and open Internet
.

(2) The security guarantee of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things The division of the internal and external networks of the smart grid makes the ubiquitous power Internet of Things form a special structural system
of "Internet of Things + smart grid".

Between the two networks, there is only a one-way information exchange channel
that is output from the smart grid to the Internet of Things.

Ubiquitous power Internet of Things is embodied in the Internet of Everything within the smart grid, and through the intelligent substation, smart meter to achieve the Internet of Everything in the Internet of Things, to achieve the intelligent management
of the use/power supply of these network terminals.

Such an architecture not only ensures the safety and reliability of the national grid, but also realizes the unified intelligent control
of strong and weak electricity in the Internet of Things terminal system.

4 The smart meter and information interaction platform of the power Internet of ThingsThe intelligent substation is the gateway for the interaction between the power Internet of Things and the internal and external networks, and the smart meter is the information interaction platform for the supply and use ends, which are the core areas
in the construction of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things and its cloud platform ecosystem.

(1) The smart meter of the power Internet of Things is in the ubiquitous power Internet of Things, all the smart terminals of the Internet of Things are a power consumption system, the smart grid is a power supply system, the connection between the two is the smart meter, and the background of the smart meter is the smart substation
.

Early smart meters centered on electricity metering, realizing functions
such as power metering, data processing, and data remote transmission.

The smart meter in the power Internet of Things is an information hub and information sharing platform
that connects the internal and external networks.

In order to meet this requirement, the smart meter must be a multi-core, multi-functional, modular design, in addition to the metering module of the power metering management, there are power management modules, data communication modules, perception control modules for data acquisition and processing, and interactive modules for human-computer interaction
.

In addition, smart meters are also an important part
of the ecosystem construction of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things cloud platform.

Here we take the ADW300 Internet of Things online monitoring instrument launched by Acquay as an example to illustrate the advantages of
smart meters over traditional meters.

Powerful interconnection function: Compared with the local collection method of traditional meters, through the combination with the Internet of Things technology, the current terminal monitoring device can not only support RS-485 communication, but also support the use of GPRS, WiFi, NB-IoT and other communication technologies in the network communication layer, and at the same time, most of the common protocols on the market are also covered in the adaptation of communication protocols
.

Intelligent monitoring: mainly through additional functions to assist the intelligent interaction of terminal acquisition equipment, such as: support for switching input and output, can be combined with the specific field to achieve the protection function of opening and closing; Support multi-channel temperature measurement and leakage monitoring to prevent safety hazards caused by faults and aging caused by excessive temperature; Alarm upload function, support the alarm setting of various electrical parameters, timely upload alarm data, and then timely notify the user through the platform SMS early warning and other measures to the user side for on-site fault processing
.

(2) The construction of intelligent substations and smart meters on the cloud platform of ubiquitous power Internet of Things is a key link in the construction of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things ecosystem, and it participates in the ecosystem construction of the intranet "source (power supply) - network (power grid) - load (load) - storage (energy storage)" and the external network "cloud (cloud platform) - pipe (wired / wireless Internet of Things) - edge (edge computing) - terminal equipment)"
。
The launch of the enterprise microgrid energy efficiency management platform by Ankerui is the systematic integration of platforms such as the substation operation and maintenance cloud platform, the energy management cloud platform, the smart electricity cloud platform, the environmental protection electricity supervision cloud platform, the charging pile (electric vehicle/bicycle) operation management cloud platform, and the prepaid management cloud platform to solve the major scene applications
such as smart cities, smart communities, smart hospitals, smart transportation, and smart buildings.

Combined with the actual needs of users, we have also developed various wired, regional wireless and wide-area wireless communication products, including gateways and terminal equipment, supporting RS485, Ethernet, LoRA, ZigBee, GPRS, 4G, NB IoT and other communication methods
.

In combination with the data analysis function of the platform, the user is given a detailed, concise and clear data report
.

This is also the manifestation of the Internet of Everything and the smart grid
.

From the cloud platform, we can intuitively understand the operation of the compliance with the curve chart tree diagram
.

5 Conclusion A complete Internet of Things application system should cover the power consumption system and power supply system, and the birth of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things is conducive to achieving this goal
.

The basis of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things is the smart grid, and the unique security attributes of the national grid lead to its basic characteristics of closure and monopoly, as well as the separation of
the intranet and the extranet.

Smart substations and smart meters become channels
for interaction between internal and external networks.

References[1]HE Limin.
From smart grid, Internet of Things to ubiquitous power Internet of Things Author profile Ren Yunye, male, Acquay Electric Co.
, Ltd.
, R&D engineer, engaged in power Internet of Things related solutions research
.