31-year-old man diagnosed with dementia, the prevention of dementia must be at least from the age of 20, the lancet released 9 major interventions

According to the surging news, the 31-year-old boy in Hangzhou was diagnosed with familial Alzheimer's disease, when he was 29 years old and developed symptoms such as memory loss, and was diagnosed
two years later.
Doctors diagnosed a rare familial Alzheimer's disease, and genetic testing showed that the guy had a mutation in his PSEN1 gene, which was one of
the causative genes of familial Alzheimer's disease.

According to the data, there are about 15 million dementia patients in the elderly aged 60 and over in China, of which 10 million are Alzheimer's disease patients - this disease commonly known as "Alzheimer's disease" is already the fifth leading cause
of death in China.
Although there is no cure, early diagnosis and active intervention can control the progression of the
disease.

Alzheimer's disease is mostly sporadic and only a few are familial, and familial Alzheimer's disease often begins before the age of 65, and such patients have memory impairment and are not typical symptoms, such as language, visual or mood-behavioral changes
.
Current research has established that the mutated progerin 1 (PSEN1) gene and two other amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes and progerin 2 (PSEN2) genes are pathogenic genes
.
These three gene mutations are rare in the population, accounting for less than 1%
of all Alzheimer's disease patients.

However, three recent studies reported by the International Conference of the Association for the Diseases of Erzheimer's Disease (AAIC) show that risk factors that contribute to Alzheimer's disease include cardiovascular health factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, and social factors
such as the quality of education.
In some countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom and France, the proportion of Alzheimer's patients has declined, possibly in part due to lifestyle changes, suggesting that it is possible to reduce dementia through preventive measures
.

When should preventive action be taken? Research tells us that it may be at least 20 years old
.

Change 12 risk factors to prevent dementia

The latest report on dementia prevention, intervention and care, also presented by the Lancet Commission on AAIC, tells us that changing 12 risk factors over a lifetime can delay or prevent 40% of dementia cases
.

DOI:https://doi.
org/10.
1016/S0140-6736(20)30367-6

The 28 world's leading dementia specialists have added three new risk factors to the new report – excessive alcohol consumption and head injuries in middle age and the quality of the air they breathe in their later years
.
The other 9 factors previously identified in 2017 were: lower levels of early education; Hearing loss in middle age, hypertension, obesity, smoking in later life (65 years and older), depression, social isolation, lack of exercise and diabetes
.

In response to these risks, experts recommend the following interventions for policymakers and individuals
.

• Strive to maintain systolic blood pressure at 130 mmHg or less
from age 40.

• Encourage the use of hearing aids to treat hearing loss and reduce hearing loss
by protecting the ear from high noise.

• Reduce exposure to air pollution and second-hand smoke
.

• Prevention of head injuries, especially in high-risk occupations
.

• Limit alcohol intake to no more than 21 per week (1 alcohol equivalent to 10ml or 8g of pure alcohol
).

• Quit smoking and encourage others to quit
.

• Primary and secondary education
for all children.

• Live an active life in middle and later life
.

• Reduce obesity and the diabetes
associated with it.

In addition, the report recommends interventions for people at risk of depression and anxiety
.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by memory loss, which can get worse
over time.