22 years Chinese group follow-up revealed: smoking can double the risk of death from stomach cancer, long-term eating of garlic can play a preventive role.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originated from gastric mucosa epithelium, which ranks the third in the global cancer mortality rate.because the early symptoms are not obvious, it is often found to have reached the late stage, so it is also known as "silent killer".each year, about 1.2 million people worldwide suffer from the disease, and 170000 people die as a result.as a country with high incidence of gastric cancer, China has nearly 500000 new cases every year, accounting for more than 40% of the global new cases of gastric cancer.has been exploring a link between lifestyle and gastric cancer incidence rate and mortality since 1995, and a team from Peking University cancer hospital has been looking for an effective way to prevent this killer.on June 26, local time, the team published the latest research results online in "JAMA network open".they found that smoking was an important factor in increasing the risk of gastric cancer and mortality compared with drinking alcohol, and that non-smokers could play a preventive role by eating garlic.doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6628 This is a concealed, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Linqu County of Shandong Province, a high-risk area for gastric cancer.from July 1995 to December 2017, a total of 3365 villagers aged between 35 and 64 participated in the trial, with an average age of 47.1 years and a female ratio of 48.7%.during the follow-up period, 151 patients suffered from gastric cancer and 94 died of the disease.the main outcome of this study was to assess the impact of lifestyle, vitamin and garlic supplementation on the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer, and the secondary outcome was to explore the progression of gastric lesions in participants between 1995 and 2003.the results showed that smoking was the number one killer in the stomach, which increased the risk of gastric cancer by 72% and the risk of death by 101%.the association was more significant in H. pylori positive participants, with a 88% increase in gastric cancer incidence and a 115% increase in mortality.there was no significant correlation between alcohol consumption and diet and gastric cancer.Lifestyle Association and the association between gastric cancer incidence rate and mortality rate, further analysis of lifestyle and nutritional supplements showed that smoking and dietary patterns did not significantly affect the prevention and improvement of gastric cancer by vitamin supplements, but the non drinkers could reduce the risk of gastric cancer death by 67% by supplementing garlic, and this association was only found in Helicobacter pylori. Positive participants were more significant.researchers believe that this is because the allyl sulfur compounds contained in garlic can play an anti-cancer role by inhibiting the activation of carcinogens, regulating the metabolism of carcinogens, and inhibiting the formation of DNA adducts with carcinogens.between 1995 and 2003, 42.9% of the participants had gastric lesions.after analyzing the relevant data, the researchers found that vitamin supplementation can prevent gastric lesions in people with low fresh fruit and vegetable intake (< lt; 81 kg / y), while vitamin supplements can increase the risk of gastric lesions in people with higher fresh fruit and vegetable intake (≥ 81kg / y).in conclusion, this study provides a new insight into lifestyle intervention in the prevention of gastric cancer, suggesting that large-scale gastric cancer prevention strategies may need to be adjusted for different lifestyle groups in order to maximize the potential beneficial effects.end References: [1] association between lifestyle factors, vitamin and gallic supply, and gastric cancer outcomes: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial