19.29 million new cancer cases in 2020 Cell technology is a new breakthrough...

February 4th is World Cancer Day, and this year's theme is "Caring for Patients and Fighting Cancer Together".
cancer has become and will continue to be a threat to human security and health.
World Cancer Day was launched in 2000 to accelerate progress in the field of cancer research, prevention and treatment.
2020, there will be 19.29 million new cancer cases worldwide and 9.96 million new cancer deaths worldwide, according to data released by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).
of these, 4.57 million new cancer cases and 3 million cancer deaths in China are among the highest in the world, while the most morbidity and mortality types are breast and lung cancer.
years, cell technology has made great progress in the fight against cancer, and Immune cell-based CAR-T therapy is considered a new milestone in the fight against cancer in humans.
, when it comes to cell technology and cancer treatment, the first thing that comes to mind may be hematopoietic stem cells to treat leukemia.
with the development of technology, it has been found that in addition to hematopoietic stem cells, other types of stem cells and immune cells can also be used to fight cancer, cell technology has brought more possibilities for cancer treatment.
the battle of stem cells -- a new breakthrough in multiple cancers Over the past few decades, stem cell biology has evolved, providing new potential ways to treat cancer patients.
stem cells have unique biological characteristics, including self-renewal, targeted migration, differentiation, and regulation of other cells, which can be used as regenerative medicine, therapeutic vectors, drug targeting, and immune cell production.
photo source literature, researchers have restored normal bone marrow hematopoietic function to bone marrow cancer patients with bone marrow damage or compromised immune systems by transplanting stem cells from bone marrow sources.
for cancer patients, the T cells that induce ernipotent stem cells can specifically kill cancer cells.
other hand, because of the directional migration ability of stem cells, stem cells can be used as vectors to deliver therapeutic drugs to the tumor part, to achieve accurate and targeted removal of tumor cells.
, interstate stem cell transplantation has become a promising treatment for bone cancer.
addition to the direct therapeutic role of stem cells in cancer treatment, stem cell exosomes have become another hot topic in cancer treatment in recent years. As an important part of the intracellular signaling, exosomes from
interstitial stem cell sources have similar effects to interstitial stem cells in the treatment of diseases such as liver cancer: overcoming complex in vivo transmission barriers and being absorbed by the subject cells, no immune rejection and tumor-causing, and easy to store.
animal experimental study found that in rat liver cancer models, after intravenous infusion of interstitial stem cell exosomes, MRI test results showed that the tumor gradually shrunk and the content of natural killer cell surface markers in the serum increased.
the application of more interstitial stem cell exosomes in liver cancer and liver metastatic tumors is shown in the table below.
table source literature - A new milestone in cancer therapy is known as active immunotherapy, which uses the patient's own immune system to treat cancer.
immunocellular therapy usually involves extracting lymphocytes from the patient's blood, "training" specific immune cells to identify cancer cells in vitro, and then sending "trained" cells back into the patient' body.
, the injected cells can directly kill the patient's malignant cells, or activate other immune cells to kill cancer cells.
these cells are isolated from the patient through a process called white blood cell separation, and the process of transferring them back into the patient is called step cell transfer (ACT).
most commonly used in cancer immunotherapy are natural killer (NK) cells, cytokine-activated killer cells (CIK), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and dextas cells (DC).
these cells may come from patients (self- or bodies).
currently more popular than gene therapy because introviral cells reduce the occurrence of graft-resistant host disease.
in recent years, the hottest cancer immunotherapy has been CAR-T cell therapy.
CAR-T immunotherapy is a kind of genetic engineering technology to modify patients' T cells so that they can express chime antigens to specifically identify and kill cancer cells to play an anti-tumor role, is currently the focus of research in ACT treatment.
CAR-T cell therapy has been successful in blood system tumors, and CAR-T cells targeting CD19 have been approved in several regions for the treatment of acute B lymphocytic leukemia and certain B-cell lymphomas.
therapy has ushered in a new era in human cancer treatment.
the fight for immune cell therapy for solid tumors? Not long ago, the world's first targeted CAR-T cell treatment for advanced liver cancer Phase I clinical results were published, the safety and effectiveness of treatment have been gratifying results.
patients received the treatment with good tolerance, safety is basically controllable, rare severe toxic side effects, and initially showed good clinical benefits.
cancer is one of the high incidence of cancer, the existing chemotherapy and surgical treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer is not effective.
some chemotherapy therapies can increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy by promoting immune cell immersion into tumors and by inducing immunogenic death of tumor cells to promote the release of tumor antigens.
, a combination of chemotherapy and CIC therapy seems to enhance efficacy.
evaluation of the efficacy of CIC therapy as an auxiliary treatment in patients with stage II./III. stage gastric cancer after therapeutic gastrectomy showed that patients had significantly longer OS than the chemotherapy group alone.
in advanced cases of stomach cancer, some clinical studies have also confirmed that chemotherapy and CIC therapy have greatly improved the quality of life in patients. the overall competition of
cell technology -- the formation of a sword tumor in human anti-cancer is an extremely complex process, under the influence of a variety of carcinogenic factors and long-term in the poor tissue microenviron environment, cell cancer and produce tumors, seriously threatening human life and health.
In recent years, cell therapy has achieved a series of considerable results in preclinical and clinical treatment of cancer, but still faces many challenges, and more large-scale clinical research is needed in the future to further explore the anti-cancer rationale, further explore the effect of cell technology in solid tumors, and so on.
the development of stem cell and immunocellular therapy has opened up new avenues for cancer treatment, providing more possibilities for in-depth exploration of the mechanisms of cancer and drug manufacturing and screening.
references: s1. Chu D T, Nguyen T T, Tien N L B, et al. Recent progress of stem cell therapy in cancer treatment: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Applications. Cells, 2020, 9(3): 563. Morishita T. 2006. Tissue engineering approach to the treatment of bone tumors: three cases of cultured bone grafts derived from patients' mesenchymal stem cells. Al-Organs. Zhu Dan, Li Wei. Advances in the treatment of liver cancer in exosomes from interstitial stem cell sources. China Oncology Clinic, 2020, 47 (20): 1055-1060. Shi D, Shi Y, Kaseb A O, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor-glypican-3 T-cell therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Results of phase I Trials. Clinical Cancer Research, 2020, 26(15): 3979-3989. Zhao H, Fan Y, Li H, et al. Immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells as an adjuvant treatment for advanced gastric carcinoma: a retrospective study of 165 patients. Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, 2013, 28 (4): 303-309. Pancreatic cancer stem cell exosome activated degenerate cells for cancer immunotherapy research. Hebei University, 2020.