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1741! The largest mouse whole brain neuron data set to date was built |
Science and Technology Daily reporter Jin Feng
The brain is the "top configuration" of each of us
.
The reason why we have happiness, anger, sorrow, learning, memory, exercise, and good sleep are all inseparable from the regulation of the brain
However, there are still many bottlenecks in order to clearly see and reconstruct the shape of a large number of neurons in the whole brain
.
On October 13, a reporter from the Science and Technology Daily learned from Southeast University that the school, in conjunction with the Allen Institute of Brain Science in the United States, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Tencent, and other institutions, produced the world’s largest number of 1741 mice on mice.
"Although there are differences between the mouse brain and the human brain, they are generally similar in structure and cell types.
Therefore, the study of mouse brain neurons is to analyze the neuron types of the human brain and explore neurological diseases such as schizophrenia, The mechanisms of autism, depression, etc.
provide important information
.
" Liu Lijuan, co-first author of the paper and associate researcher at Southeast University's Institute of Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, told a reporter from Science and Technology Daily
Many bottlenecks have restricted the reconstruction of the whole brain neuron network
Many bottlenecks have restricted the reconstruction of the whole brain neuron network Entering the Institute of Brain Science and Intelligent Technology of Southeast University (hereinafter referred to as the East Brain Institute), the staff is marking the neuron structure information of the mouse brain in front of the computer
.
In the outline of the brain on the screen, despite the selective marking of neurons, the structure of neurons is still densely packed, like a bunch of coils
The human brain has approximately 86 billion neurons, and the orderly connected network between neurons determines which functions the brain can perform
.
Understanding the neuron structure and visualizing the connection path will help clarify the function of the neuron
Mice are an important model animal for studying brain science.
They have learning, memory and social abilities.
Their brains have hundreds of millions of neurons.
Observing the neuron structure of mice has important reference value for understanding the structure and function of the human brain
.
However, for a long time, there has been a bottleneck in the reconstruction of high-throughput whole-brain neuron networks
.
"The mouse brain is only about the size of an adult fingernail, and it has protein and other structures and is opaque.
Therefore, it is difficult to obtain whole brain images with ordinary optical microscopy imaging techniques.
This is also the difficulty of whole brain research
.
" Liu Lijuan said in this study.
Academician of the Academy of Sciences
But the high resolution also makes the mouse whole brain image huge, reaching 15-20TB, which poses a big challenge to the algorithm and data processing capabilities of the image platform
.
"Some neurons have weak signals, it is difficult to see clearly, and the branches of neurons are complicated.
Once the tracking is wrong, it will not be able to accurately restore the neuron shape, that is, follow the wrong path of the neuron to send signals
.
" Liu Lijuan said.
11 projection types were "captured" in a dataset of 1741 neurons
11 projection types were "captured" in a dataset of 1741 neurons In order to solve these problems, the East Brain Institute and the team of Dr.
Wang Yimin of Shanghai University developed a three-dimensional visualization Vaa3D-TeraVR platform
.
In the VR module, researchers can wear VR devices on their heads to "immersively observe" the neuron structure, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of reconstructing complex and difficult to distinguish neurons
At the same time, the East Brain Institute has established an automated and manual neuron reconstruction process to make the "capture" of neuron morphology more efficient and accurate, and cooperated with the team of Professor Qu Lei of Anhui University to develop the image registration algorithm mBrainAligner
.
Based on these platforms and algorithms, the East Brain Institute has established a complete big data management and calculation analysis platform
.
"These data come from neurons in the cerebral cortex,
patella nucleus, striatum, and thalamus.
It is the largest single-cell brain neuron data set published in the world, " said Liu Lijuan
.
With the big data of these neurons, the scientific research team quickly "captured" 11 main types of neuron projections
.
"Among them, the screen nucleus and the lateral cortex, which were previously thought to be switches of consciousness, belong to the same transcriptome category Car3, but in fact their projection destinations are quite different
.
The average projection area of the screen nucleus neurons can reach 20.
The projection destinations of individual neurons vary greatly
.
"
What made the team even more delighted was that neurons with the same transcriptome information showed diverse neuronal morphologies, indicating that neural signals were transmitted to different brain regions
.
"The diversity of neuron morphology provides an intuitive entry point for understanding neuron functions at multiple levels and revealing the complex neural circuits formed by neurons
.
" Liu Lijuan explained
.