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In Vitro Induction of Infection-Related Hyphal Structures in Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
In order for data on biological relevance to keep pace with accumulating genomic data, new biological assays need to be developed for several pathogenic fungi.
Accordingly, we have developed an in vitro assay that allows us to monitor morphological changes in hyphal development as the head blight pathogenFusarium graminearum infects wheat.
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Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Isolation of Full-Length Phytoplasma Chromosomes from Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a powerful technique for genomic studies of unculturable plant-pathogenic phytoplasmas, which enables separation of full-length phytoplasma chromosomes from contaminating host plant nucleic acids.
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Hairy Lily Lilium dauricum
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
the main points of : the main planted bulbs, sub-ball 2 to 3 years flowering.
Planting large bulbs deep and removing buds can encourage the formation of more sub-balls.
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Sugar cane cultivation
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
planting period: sugar cane growth is mainly affected by temperature and variety, in Taiwan about 14 to 18 months, but the root can be shortened, only 12 months.
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Utilizing Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) to Assay ProteinProtein Interaction in Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
BiFC is based on splitting the yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) into two nonoverlappingN -terminal (YN) and C-terminal (YC) fragments.
Each fragment is cloned in-frame with a gene of interest, enabling expression of a fusion protein.
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Quantification of Abscisic Acid, Cytokinin, and Auxin Content in Salt-Stressed Plant Tissues
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Quantification of the hormone levels and determination of their ratios can reveal different plant strategies to cope with the stress, e.g., suppression of growth or mobilization of plant metabolism.
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Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) to Study Protein-protein Interactions in Living Plant Cells
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
However, the study of protein complex formation in living plant cells has remained experimentally difficult and time-consuming and requires sophisticated technical equipment.
In this report, we describe a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) technique for visualization of protein–protein interactions in plant cells.
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Overview of Repeat Annotation and De Novo Repeat Identification
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
As the cost of sequencing declines, the genomic sequences of most crop plants will be available within the next few years.
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-Amylase Inhibitor
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
The purifi ed inhibitors extracted from the beans are a glycoprotein (10% carbohydrate) with a molecular weight of 40,000 to 50,000 Da, 1 mol of which reacts with pancreatic amylase to form a 1: 1 complex.
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Computerized Molecular Modeling of Carbohydrates
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Computerized molecular modeling continues to increase in capability and applicability to carbohydrates.
This chapter covers nomenclature and conformational aspects of carbohydrates, perhaps of greater use to carbohydrate-inexperienced computational chemists.
Its comments on various methods and studies might be of more use to computation-inexperienced carbohydrate chemists.
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Morphological Analysis of Cell Growth Mutants in Physcomitrella
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
This protocol describes a quantitative analysis of the morphology of small plants from the mossPhyscomitrella patens .
Instructions for the use of an ImageJ-based macro for quantitative morphological analysis of these plants are also provided.
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Transient Expression of GFP in Immature Seed Tissues
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Transient expression assays have 20 years of history in plant molecular biology research, being used to answer a variety of questions.
The transient expression assay is a tool that has aided a great deal of molecular biology research.
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Chemical Genetic Analysis of Protein Kinase Function in Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Identification of protein kinase targets and specific inhibition of individual kinase isoforms on the protein levelin planta are important techniques to elucidate signal transduction pathways.
The use of ATP-binding pocket mutants, the so-called gatekeeper mutants, that accommodate N 6 -enlarged nucleotides and kinase inhibitors has allowed a dramatic increase in kinase isoform selectivity.
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Asparagus officinalis
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Spring from the underground stems out of the tender stems, softened by soil, for food, leaf degradation is scaly, very small, leaf branches per 3 to 6 clusters, slim Slightly curved, 5 to 30 mm, thick 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
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Reporter Gene-Based Recombination Lines for Studies of Genome Stability
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Several reporter gene-based recombination constructs have been developed to study HR frequencies in plants.
Here, we explain how reporter gene recombination assays operate and in which applications they are used.
These assays can be effectively used for analysis of locus-specific endogenous and stress-induced recombination frequencies.
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Analysis, Monitoring, and Some Regulatory Implications
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
In addition, the analysis may include elucidation of the composition and confirmation of the identity of the active ingredient, or its metabolites or alteration products.
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Plant Cell Lines in Cell Morphogenesis Research
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Plant organs and tissues consist of many various cell types, often in different phases of their development.
Such complex structures do not allow direct studies on behavior of individual cells.
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Atomic Force Microscopy of Plant Cell Walls
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to obtain high-resolution images on a wide variety of materials.
Unfortunately, plant cell wall material is typically too rough to be imaged as native tissue by AFM.
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TagFinder: Preprocessing Software for the Fingerprinting and the Profiling of Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry Based Metabolome Analyses
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
As GC-MS technology represents one essential element which contributes to investigations of substantial equivalence, we have developed a dedicated software tool, the TagFinder chromatography data preprocessing suite, which has all essential functions to support both fundamental workflows of modern metabolomic studies.
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Studying Translation in Arabidopsis Chloroplasts
Time of Update: 2020-11-17
On the contrary, translation regulatory processes based on selection of translatable mRNA by either nucleus-encoded activation factors or sensors of the assembly status of chloroplast multiprotein complexes have been reported.
