-
Live Cell Imaging of Arabidopsis Root Hairs
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Root hairs are tubular extensions from the root surface that expand by tip growth.
This highly focused type of cell expansion, combined with position of root hairs on the surface of the root, makes them ideal cells for microscopic observation.
-
Extraction and Detection of Arabinogalactan Proteins
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Arabinogalactan proteins are a diverse group of plant cell wall-associated proteoglycans. While structural and molecular genetic analyses have contributed to the emerging improved understanding of th
-
Transformation of Rape with Agrobacterium tumeficiens-Based Vectors
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Agrobacterium tumefaciens , a soil bacterium that causes crown gall disease on a wide range of dicotyledonous plants, has been used most widely as a vehicle for gene transfer into plants ( 1 , 2 ).
-
Micropropagation of Chokeberry by In Vitro Axillary Shoot Proliferation
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Aronia clones are propagated in vitro through four- or three-stage method based on subculturing of shoot explants.
The double-phase medium is recommended in the last passage before shoot rooting.
-
Phytohemagglutin/Lectin
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Lectins are proteins in nature with molecular weight ranging from 60,000 to 100,000 Da. Many lectins contain covalently bound sugar moieties and are glycoprotein in nature. These are also called phyt
-
Arabidopsis Proteomics: A Simple and Standardizable Workflow for Quantitative Proteome Characterization
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Furthermore, most Arabidopsis organs are susceptible to standard protein solubilization protocols making protein extraction relatively simple.
We report here a simple, standardizable protocol for the large-scale comparative quantitative proteome characterization of different Arabidopsis organs based on normalized spectral counting and suggest a statistical framework for data interpretation.
-
Profiling Primary Metabolites of Tomato Fruit with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
This chapter summarizes all of the preparatory steps for metabolite profiling of polar compounds by GC-MS in tomato fruit, from the sampling of plant material to the derivatization procedures required to render the metabolites volatile.
-
Immunoproteomics Analysis of Food Allergens
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Immunoblot-coupled proteomics based on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), namely, immunoproteomics, has been used for comprehensive identification of food allergens, becaus
-
Putting the Plant Metabolic Network Pathway Databases to Work: Going Offline to Gain New Capabilities
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Metabolic databases such as The Plant Metabolic Network/MetaCyc and KEGG PATHWAY are publicly accessible resources providing organism-specific information on reactions and metabolites.
This chapter describes accessing and using AraCyc and its underlying Pathway Tools software.
-
Jasmonate Signaling in the Field, Part I: Elicited Changes in Jasmonate Pools of Transgenic Nicotiana attenuata Populations
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Based on more than 20 years of field research on this eco-genomics model system established in our group, we have developed a genetic and analytical toolbox that allows us to assess the importance of particular genes and metabolites for the survival of this plant in its native habitat.
-
Functional Characterization of Rice Genes Using a Gene-Indexed T-DNA Insertional Mutant Population
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Despite the availability of the finished genome sequence and tools for its analyses, few rice genes have been characterized.
Gene-indexed mutants with flanking sequences around inserted T-DNA are valuable resources for accelerating functional characterizations of rice genes.
Here, we describe approaches that use functional genomics with T-DNA insertional mutagenesis.
-
Territories.
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Subsequently, it was suggested that organisms should be divided into 3 boundaries, namely, plant, animal and primary biology, and later it was suggested that primary nuclear organisms should become independent of the original nuclear biological community, and organisms should be divided into 4 boundaries, and then fungus is also divided into one sector, the 5 sector, and in recent years, according to the characteristics of the virus, it has been classified as the 6th virus boundary of the organism.
-
Distinguishing Variable Phenotypes from Variegation Caused by Transposon Activities
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Variable phenotypes are common in nature and in laboratory materials. Guidelines and illustrations are presented to help distinguish developmental, environmental, disease, and somatic recombination-g
-
Transformation of Tomato
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Since 1986, when Beachy and coworkers ( 1 ) first published a protection of transgenic tobacco plants expressing the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) coat protein (CP) against TMV infection, transgenic plants have become an important tool in plant virology.
Coat protein transgenic plants have been used successfully to obtain protection against many different plant viruses ( 2 ).
-
Isolation, Quantification, and Analysis of Chloroplast DNA
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Arabidopsis thaliana offers several advantages for studying these processes because of the sizeable collection of mutants and natural varieties (accessions) available from stock centers and a broad community of researchers that has developed many other genetic resources.
-
Indica Rice (Oryza sativa, BR29 and IR64)
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
To satisfy the growing demand of the ever-increasing population, more sustained production of indica-type rice is needed.
Gene transfer technology with genes from other sources can be used to make rice plants resistant or tolerant to insect pests, diseases, and different environmental stresses.
-
Assaying Levels of Plant Virus by ELISA
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), since its use with plants was described by Clark and Adams ( 1 ), has become the most popular method for detection of viruses in plants, because of its simplicity and wide applicability.
-
cDNA-AFLP-Based Transcript Profiling for Genome-Wide Expression Analysis of Jasmonate-Treated Plants and Plant Cultures
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Quantitative expression data are generated by gel-based visualization ofcDNA -AFLP fingerprints obtained by selectivePCR amplification of subsets of restriction fragments from a double-stranded cDNA template.
The differentially expressed genes can be identified by direct sequencing of re-amplified cDNA-AFLP tags purified from the gels.
-
In Planta AgrobacteriumMediated Transformation of Adult Arabidopsis thaliana Plants by Vacuum Infiltration
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Plant genetic transformation was initiated and developed m the 80s thanks to the convergence of constant progress m the protocol of regeneratton from tissue culture, molecular techniques leading to w
-
Cloning of Stress-Responsive MicroRNAs and other Small RNAs from Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
This chapter describes a detailed step-by-step protocol for cloning of small RNAs. Following 5ʹ and 3ʹ adapter ligation to the purified small RNAs, c DNA will be synthesized using reverse transcription, which will be further amplified using a polymerase chain reaction.
