-
Flux Variability Analysis: Application to Developing Oilseed Rape Embryos Using Toolboxes for Constraint-Based Modeling
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Flux variability analysis enables comprehensive exploration of alternate optimal routes in a metabolic network. This method is especially useful with models such asbna572 for the developing oilseed
-
Immunocytological Analysis of Chromatin in Isolated Nuclei
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
All cells in a multicellular organism have the same genetic constitution, yet their appearance and function may differ enormously, due to differences in the nuclear program.
The study of these epigenetic factors in individual cells requires the microscopic visualization of chromatin components.
-
Phenotypic Characterization of Photomorphogenic Responses During Plant Development
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Light is involved in the breaking of seed dormancy, the regulation of photomorphogenic seedling development, the adaptation of plant morphology toward spectral composition of incident light, and the transition to flowering.
Here, basal methods to measure light-regulated changes in plant morphology and pigment accumulation will be described.
-
Detection and Quantification of Transcript RNA in Transgenic Plants Using Digoxigenin-Labeled cDNA Probes
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Until recently, the most common method of RNA detection involved the use of c DNA probes labeled with32 P or35 S.
The digoxigenin (DIG) system developed by Boehringer Mannheim (Mannheim, Germany) for nonradioactive labeling of RNA and DNA probes has been developed so that sensitivity is comparable with radioactivity.
-
Isoschizomers and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism for the Detection of Specific Cytosine Methylation Changes
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
One of them is a modification of the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique that has been used to study methylation of anonymous CCGG sequences in different fungi, plant and animal species.
-
Pigs
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The nucleus is long or flat, some have branches, uneven surface, wrinkles or tumor-like protrusions.
Sub-entities from the underground bacteria nucleus internal bio-entities from the core growth, outstretched to the ground, the bacterial handle is often connected at the base, the upper branch, forming a clump of bacteria cover.
-
Clovers (Trifolium spp.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Gene technology can assist plant improvement efforts in clovers ( Trifolium spp.), aiming to improve forage quality, yield, and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses.
An efficient and reproducible protocol forAgrobacterium -mediated transformation of a range of Trifolium species, using cotyledonary explants and different selectable marker genes, is described.
-
Induction of Hairy Roots by Agrobacterium Rhizogenes and Growth of Hairy Roots In Vitro
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Invasion of plant tissues by these free-living soil bacteria usually occurs at a wound site—possibly caused by insect or mechanical damage; nonvirulent strains of the bacteria may invade the plant, but only virulent strains give rise to symptoms of disease.
-
Alkaloids
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Alkaloids are a diverse group of organic bases containing secondary, tertiary, or cyclic amines.
-
Historical Overview of Transposable Element Research
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
This chapter traces the historical roots of transposable element research, describing the scientists, their observations, and interpretations as they sought to understand the enigma of transposable elements.
-
Ramie.
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Archaeological evidence, china as early as more than 5,000 years ago began to use castor weaving cloth sewing.
Small green flowers in summer, male and female, conical flower sequence; use of castor is extremely wide, hemp can be textile fine beautiful "shabu", wearing cool away from sweat.
-
In Vitro Propagation of Cauliflower Using Curd Microexplants
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Although destined to produce flowers, most of these meristems are capable of regenerating vegetative shoots in vitro, making curd fragments an excellent material for the micropropagation of cauliflower.
-
Assessing the Risk of Undesirable Immunogenicity/ Allergenicity of Plant-Derived Therapeutic Proteins
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Therapeutic proteins have an intrinsic potential to induce undesirable immune and allergic responses.
Accordingly, regulatory agencies require sponsors to assess the risk of clinical immune and allergic responses that could be associated with the production of therapeutic proteins in transgenic plants.
-
Poria cocos.
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Sub-solids without handles, flat on the surface of the bacteria core, honeycomb-like, thick 3-10mm, white at an early age, matured into light brown; Most parts of the country are distributed, is now more cultivated.
-
Metabolic Engineering of Glyoxalase Pathway for Enhancing Stress Tolerance in Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Gly I detoxifies methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis, to S-lactoylglutathione (SLG) where it uses one molecule of reduced glutathione.
Subsequently, SLG is converted to lactate by Gly II and one molecule of reduced glutathione is recycled back into the system.
-
Basic Procedures for Epigenetic Analysis in Plant Cell and Tissue Culture
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Epigenetics has been shown as an important influence on many research analyses such as cancer in mammals and developmental processes in plants such as flowering, but regarding in vitro culture, techniques to studyDNA methylation or chromatin modifications were mainly limited to identify somaclonal variation of the micropropagated material.
-
Producing a Recombinant Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase from Coffea arabica in Escherichia coli for Screening of Potential Natural Substrates
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Only few biological functions have been related with flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) in plants, such as specific roles in auxin biosynthesis, pathogen defense, and metabolism of glucosinolates.
Biochemical characterization using recombinant proteins is a promising approach to determine the precise specificity of plant FMOs for potential natural substrates.
-
Transient Expression Assay by Agroinfiltration of Leaves
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
AnAgrobacterium -mediated transient expression assay has been described for in vivo analysis of constitutive or inducible gene expression inArabidopsis plants.
By simple infiltration ofAgrobacterium cells carrying appropriate gene constructs intoArabidopsis leaves, transient expression assays can be performed within 3 d without using expensive instruments or complicated procedures.
-
Cassava (Manihot esculentus)
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Cultivated varieties up to 2000 , the main excellent varieties are: bread cassava, South Bay cassava, red-tailed species, Indonesian fine leaves, Nanyang purple skin, Nanyang green skin, rice cassava and so on.
Cassava has high economic value, the root is rich in starch, edible or paste, as the main raw material for industrial powder.
-
Micropropagation of Strawberry via Axillary Shoot Proliferation
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The impossibility of efficiently fighting against such parasites, the introduction of nonresistant cultivars, and international trade have rendered the problem more and more acute.
However, most strawberry-producing countries have drawn up a program of certification that takes these various parasites into account.
