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Chromatin Dynamics During Seed Dormancy
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Here, we give an overview of the current methods that are used to study different aspects of chromatin organization in seeds.
Changes inDNA methylation and histone modifications can be studied with molecular methods, like bisulfite sequencing, immunoblotting, and chromatin immunoprecipitation.
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Field Management Delivery of New Technologies to Growers
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
In the past 30 yr, biotechnological innovation, including natural product chemistry, fermentation, and genetic engineering, has led to the development of many revolutionary products that have fundamentally changed the way humans manage pest-control agents.
However, biopesticide development and utilization has many challenges today ( 2 ).
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Genetic Screens to Identify Plant Stress Genes
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
ForArabidopsis thaliana , whose genome sequence is publicly available, the reliance of reverse genetics to understand the relevant roles of genes particularly those coding for proteins in growth and development is now a common practice.
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Time-Profiling Fluorescent Reporters in the Arabidopsis Root
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Confocal laser scanning microscopy is a useful nondestructive approach for the visualization of fluorescent reportersin planta .
Here, we describe a technique to monitor changes in fluorescence in theArabidopsis root over a long period of time.
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In Vitro Propagation of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
kaki compared to other fruit tree species, (3) the very low rooting ability of ex novo microcuttings both from direct and indirect regeneration, (4) the high sensitivity to transplant from in vitro to in vivo conditions.
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Mechanisms of Resistance: Expression of Coat Protein
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
It has also been shown that transgenic plants can become locally infected and accumulate virus in the inoculated leaf, but do not support systemic infection.
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Chrysanthemum harvesting
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Gong ju's processing method is: baking in the oven drying, with smoke-free charcoal as fuel, oven temperature control between 40 to 50 degrees C, chrysanthemums spread on the bamboo curtain, when the color baked to ivory white, you can be removed from the oven, and then put ventilation dry place negative to full dry.
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Enzyme Extraction and Assessment of Enzyme Production
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Most of these studies have been performed in the context of the characterization of these enzymes from cell cultures.
However, cell cultures-in particular those secreting enzymes into the medium-can be used as a process system for enzyme production.
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Bioactive Bead-Mediated Transformation of Plants with Large DNA Fragments
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The efficient transformation of plants with largeDNA molecules containing a set of useful genes would provide vast possibilities for the genetic improvement of agricultural as well as nonagricultural plants.
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ProteinProtein Interactions: The Yeast Two-Hybrid System
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Yeast two-hybrid systems are powerful tools to identify novel protein–protein interactions and have been extensively used to study viral protein interactions.
The most commonly used systems are GAL4-based and LexA-based systems.
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Toona sinensis.
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
Two or three young trees, leaves backward, even roots dug up, fake planting at low temperatures to promote their sleep, after more than ten days planted in a plastic shed.
Pay attention to watering, until the leaves grow to 20 cm, you can harvest the tender ends one after another.
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Fractionation of Thylakoid Membranes Into Grana and Stroma Thylakoids
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
We describe the fractionation of thylakoid membranes into grana and stroma thylakoids by treatment with the detergent digitonin and successive ultracentrifugation of the resultant vesicles.
The stroma thylakoids have higher chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b and protein/total chlorophyll ratios, and greater photosystem I and NADH dehydrogenase activities than the grana thylakoids.
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Fully Automated Compound Screening in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
High-throughput small molecule screenings in model plants are of great value to identify compounds that interfere with plant developmental processes.
However, compared to plant cellular systems,A.
thaliana plants are less amenable to develop high-throughput screening assays.
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Determination of in vivo Protein Phosphorylation in Photosynthetic Membranes
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The major phosphoproteins in thylakoids belong to photosystem II and its light-harvesting antenna but phosphorylation of subunits of other thylakoid protein complexes has been detected as well.
Various methods for detection of phosphoproteins in thylakoids are outlined including phosphopeptide preparation for mass spectrometric analyses and quantitative analysis of protein phosphorylation.
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Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Stem Disks from Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
napus usingAgrobacterium tumefaciens yielding transgenic plants have been performed principally with the spring varietyB.
There are only isolated reports on transgenic winter oilseed rape plants ( 6 – 8 ).
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Multiple Dimensions in Plant Signal Transduction: An Overview
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
These controls are necessary for adequate plant adjustment to the prevailing conditions, but at the same time they impose the need for sophisticated mechanisms to achieve adequate sensitivity towards signals and stability against noise.
Here we provide an overview of this multiplicity and its functional significance.
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Modified Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assay to Study the Inhibition of Transcription Complex Formation by JAZ Proteins
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The jasmonate (JA) ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins ofArabidopsis thaliana repress JA signaling and negatively regulate the JA responses.
Here we describe a modified BiFC experimental procedure to study the inhibition of the formation of the bHLH (GL3)–MYB (GL1) complex by JAZ proteins.
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Transgenic Crops: The Current and Next Generations
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
This chapter describes the present status and future prospects for transgenic (genetically modified) crops.
By these means, it is possible to obtain a useful perspective into future commercial products and international trends.
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Orchids
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
In China, it is generally referred to as orchid plants, such as Chunlan, Yulan, Jianlan, Melan and Hanlan, which are mainly distributed in the provinces south of the Yangtze River basin.
orchids are famous flowers in China and are widely cultivated in gardens.
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Targeted Mutagenesis in Arabidopsis Using Zinc-Finger Nucleases
Time of Update: 2020-11-20
The approach uses zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) – enzymes engineered to createDNA double-strand breaks at specific target loci.
ZFNs make it possible to expand the range ofArabidopsis mutants available for study and to create mutations in genes missed by random mutagenesis approaches, such as those using T-DNA, transposons, or chemical mutagens.
