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Marker-Assisted Selection in Plant Breeding for Salinity Tolerance
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is the process of using morphological, biochemical, orDNA markers as indirect selection criteria for selecting agriculturally important traits in crop breeding.
However, MAS for the improvement of complex/polygenic traits, including plant tolerance/resistance to abiotic stresses, is more complicated, although its usefulness has been recognized.
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Protocols for Anther and Microspore Culture of Barley
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
The phenomenon of parthenogenesis allows the use of androgenetic in vitro methods in order to shorten the time needed for the production of homozygous plants.
The process of microspore embryogenesis makes it possible to regenerate homozygous plants originating from single cells.
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Practical Delivery of Genes to the Marketplace
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Plant biotechnology, which can be seen as an extension of traditional plant breeding for crop improvement, offers one way to boost food, feed, fiber, and fuel production and has provided significant environmental and economic benefits.
Like plant breeding, biotechnology introduces new traits with specific benefits into plants, and does so in a selective, precise, and controlled manner.
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Transient and Stable Expression of Foreign DNA Introduced into Plant Protoplasts by Electroporation
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Because of its general efficacy, electroporation is becoming a valuable technique for the introduction of DNA into cell types that are resistant to transformation by other procedures ( 6 - 8 ).
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Pinus koraiensis
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Cyrus egg-shaped conical shape, seed scale first blunt, outward anti-curve, when mature seeds do not fall off.
Wood soft, detailed, texture straight, corrosion resistance, for construction, bridges, pillows, furniture excellent materials; It is mainly planted tree species for the origin, and it is also ornamental tree.
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慈菇(Sagittaria trifolia var.edulis)
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Most of the flowers, every 3 wheels are born on the festival; the female flowers are in the lower part, white, the flower stalk length 1 to 2 cm, the sliver-shaped flowers are egg-shaped, anti-rolled.
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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Chickpea is one of the most important leguminous, cool-season, food crops, cultivated prevalently in the Asian Pacific region.
Here, we describe an efficientAgrobacterium -mediated transformation protocol for chickpea using axillary meristem explants, which results in a high frequency of genetic transformation (70%) and recovery of valuable transgenic plants.
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Microarray Data Analysis
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Microarrays have become the most popular technology for recording gene expression profiles.
This chapter describes all the necessary steps for analyzing Affymetrix microarray data using the open-source statistical tools (R and bioconductor).
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Plant Growth and Cultivation
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Here I will provide a guide for growing some of the most frequently used plant species for research, i.e.,Arabidopsis thaliana , barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) and rice ( Oryza sativa ).
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胡萝卜（Daucus carota var．sativus）
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
The base leaves are round in length, with long leaf handles, 2 to 3 back feather-like full crack, and finally crack the line to the pin shape.
Stem leaves are similar to base leaves, but smaller and simplified, with some or all of the leaf shanks forming leaves.
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Plant Regeneration Methods for Rapid Generation of a Large Scale Ds Transposant Population in Rice
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Rapid, large-scale generation of aDs transposant population was achieved using a plant regeneration procedure involving the tissue culture of seed-derived calli carryingAc andDs elements.
During tissue cultures,Ds mobility accompanies changes in methylation patterns of a terminal region ofDs , where over 70 % of plants contained independentDs insertions.
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Herbicide Resistance Screening Assay
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Herbicide resistance screening is a method that can be used not only to determine presence of the enzyme, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, encoded by either theBar or thePat gene in transgenic maize, but also to assess the inheritance ratio of those genes in a segregating population.
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Maize Somatic Embryogenesis: Recent Features to Improve Plant Regeneration
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Particularly in maize, the regeneration capacity is lost during the course of tissue maturation, since embryogenic callus (E) is almost exclusively obtained from immature zygotic embryos.
The callus obtained from immature zygotic embryos is capable to generate somatic embryos that germinate and develop into fertile normal plants.
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ZhouPi
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
When the roots and stems grow coarsely, the cells of the secondary tissue wood hydrant formation layer divide vertically, forming radially arranged cell columns, which are differentiated outward into the wood hydrant layer and inward into the inner layer of the hydrant.
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Agroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves for Co-localization of Regulatory Proteins Involved in Jasmonate Signaling
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Identification of interacting partners of key proteins involved in the cellular signaling control can provide potentially unexpected insights into the molecular events occurring in any signaling pathway.
One of these techniques involves the co-localization of proteins suspected to interact in the same subcellular compartment.
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Maize Embryogenesis
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Mature embryo axis also includes lateral roots and several developed leaves.
These distinctive characteristics joined to the availability of a large collection of embryo mutants, well-developed molecular biology and tissue culture tools, an established genetics and its economical importance make maize a good model plant for grass embryogenesis.
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Challenges and Approaches to Statistical Design and Inference in High-Dimensional Investigations
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
The novel and challenging biological questions asked from HDE data have resulted in many specialized analytic techniques being developed.
This chapter discusses some of the unique statistical challenges facing investigators studying high-dimensional biology and describes some approaches being developed by statistical scientists.
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Separation, Purification, and Characterization of Polypeptide Composition of Subcomplexes of the Main Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b-Protein Complex of Photosystem II
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
The protocols regarding separation and purification of LHCII subcomplexes by non-denaturing isoelectric focusing (ndIEF), confirmation of trimeric nature of the subcomplexes, and establishing their p
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Inflorescences.
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Infinite flower sequence is characterized by the flower sequence of the spindle during flowering the total flower handle can continue to grow, and constantly produce new small flowers, the opening order of each small flower is opened from the bottom up, such as the total flower axis shortened, each small flower dense into a plane or spruce, the flowering order is from the surrounding to the center;
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Inheritance of Transgenes in Transgenic Bt Lines Resistance to Helicoerpa armigera in Upland Cotton
Time of Update: 2020-11-07
Six transgenicBt cotton cultivars (lines) including GKsu12, GK19, MR1, GK5, 109B, and SGK1 are highly resistant to bollworm from the seedling to boll-setting stages in bioassays with detached cotton
