WTO and China's chicken industry

Introduction: after more than ten years of efforts, China's entry into the WTO is just around the corner Once entering WTO, China will cancel the trade protection of most products and open its foreign trade completely 65% of Chinese are optimistic about entering the customs But after entering WTO, what kind of influence does it have on China's chicken industry and what is its development trend? This paper analyzes the gap between China's chicken industry and South Korea's, for reference 1 China's broiler industry after the economic liberalization, due to the high economic growth and the increase of national income, the consumption pattern of chicken has diversified growth During this period, China's broiler industry grew freely and loosely under the traction of market demand, while foreign chicken industry is still developing, and mechanized breeding has been popularized The basic situation of China's chicken industry is: professional large-scale farms and sideline small-scale farmers coexist; most of the chickens are raised in cages; the weight of the broilers is high; the cultivation relies too much on human management, feeding, etc This is unimaginable in South Korea and other developed countries There are also great differences with South Korea in terms of capital capacity, feeding technology and methods, livestock structure and internal equipment For example, in order to reduce costs and learn from the experience of advanced countries, some farms are willing to make every effort to introduce expensive equipment from abroad; while some farmers are blindly feeding, not only the livestock shed is broken, but also lack of breeding technology and epidemic prevention knowledge, even the physiological problems of chickens Don't you understand? Especially in order to increase the employment rate, some farms do not rely on mechanization to improve productivity, but use a lot of human labor; they do not use the complete compound feed produced by professional feed factories, but mix the compound feed themselves, which is a very surprising fact Up to now, in addition to a few large-scale farms, most of China's chicken industry has no accurate concept of WTO, and has not realized the impact on its own industry after entering WTO 2 According to the data published by the international Poultry Association, the market demand of foreign broilers shows that in 1998, although the consumption of pork was the largest, the consumption of chicken will exceed that of pork in 2008 The first reason is that the economic conditions are getting better and the consumption of meat is increasing obviously The second reason is that the low-fat and high protein domestic poultry is good for health and the conversion rate of feed to chicken is higher than that of pork, which stimulates the development of livestock and poultry industry to broiler It can be seen from the consumption data of South Korea's national poultry sector that the demand for chicken has grown rapidly in recent years In fact, the consumption of white meat (poultry meat) in advanced countries is gradually higher than that of red meat (livestock meat) According to some data, the demand for poultry meat in European countries is increasing However, due to the lack of land in European countries, environmental protection issues are involved, especially the impact of animal protectors, which restrict the livestock industry, and the development of livestock industry is facing many difficulties Such problems exist not only in Europe, but also in other parts of the world From this point of view, on the one hand, the demand of Western broiler market is increasing, on the other hand, the development of chicken industry is restricted, which inevitably requires developing countries to fill the market gap, and China is the largest developing country, so the future of China's broiler industry is bright 3 After entering WTO, China's chicken industry has gradually grown up under the protection of its own consumption market and part of its exports after repeated peaks and troughs I met Chinese chicken in Japan and Middle East countries, which shows that Chinese chicken has laid a good foundation in domestic and foreign markets But after entering WTO, it is expected that there will be many changes in the past environment Because broiler can be transformed into commodity in a short time, the price of broiler is restricted by market economy and the imbalance of supply and demand, which leads to the price instability The entry of WTO means that China's market economy principle is transformed into the world's market economy principle China's chicken price is no longer simply affected by the changes of China's domestic market environment, but changes with the changes of the world market environment The price of drumsticks is the first one to be hit As we all know, the eastern people like to eat drumsticks, while the western people like to eat chicken breast meat, so the drumsticks consumer market in the European and American market is very small Affected by this, drumsticks will be hoarded in large quantities and the price will be very low According to the above, once China's accession to the WTO and the chicken market opening up, the United States will first penetrate the Chinese market with unimaginable chicken leg prices, and its cheap chicken leg prices can not even reach 1 / 3 of the normal chicken, so as to impact the Chinese market, crush the national chicken industry, and finally occupy the leading chicken market This approach has become the norm Even if there is no WTO, in the industrial structure, because the livestock industry belongs to the 3D (dirty, difficult, danger ous) industry, the scale of mechanized breeding is expanding, and the number of breeding households is gradually decreasing South Korean data prove this In 1991, the number of feeders and farmers was 1 million In 1997, the total number of feeders increased by 26%, but the number of feeders decreased by 35% In particular, the number of small-scale farmers under 10000 has been reduced by more than half On the contrary, the number of farms with more than 30000 increased by more than three times, while the average number of farmers increased by only 1.8 times As a result, the number of breeders has increased significantly From the perspective of capital and technology, small-scale breeders have gradually disappeared, and specialized and mechanized large-scale farms are dominant Therefore, China's entry into WTO is likely to be a turning point for promoting mechanization and specialization of chicken industry 4 Countermeasures for the future Now that the era of trade protection is almost over, the government is gradually turning small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises into private enterprises No matter the state-owned enterprises or the private enterprises will be eliminated South Korea failed to seize this opportunity, so it experienced the Asian financial crisis, a more painful lesson than war There is a saying in China that "long pain is better than short pain" Only by removing the tumor through surgery is the best way to protect your health In the era of infinite competition, there is no other way to survive except to improve productivity and reduce production costs China's chicken industry has congenital conditions, rich raw materials, vast land, huge consumer market and so on Unfortunately, most of China's breeding industry still relies on manual labor, which is a big problem In the total production cost, the labor cost will also increase significantly, which will become the biggest obstacle factor to expand the scale of breeding In the process of large-scale and intensive breeding, the most worrying is animal disease Modern livestock industry can also be said to be a war against disease Due to the frequent access of managers and breeders (people are likely to be the largest infectious body of disease), even if the epidemic prevention is good, there will be mistakes, so the prevention of disease will become the main topic After entering WTO, chicken industry is no longer the industry of any country, but the industry of the world If there are international products, those who will occupy the market will be the big winners Therefore, the modernization of livestock and poultry breeding facilities, mechanical automation, technical specialization and production scale are inevitable choices This is the inevitable choice to seek development through improving productivity and reducing costs in the competitive international market (author:) share to feed Weibo share to: