Why the price of corn has increased sharply

Introduction: the price of corn, formerly known as "coarse grain", has exceeded that of wheat recently As one of the main grain crops in China, this change is remarkable—— September 6, 2001 economic daily news: since this year, in the grain markets of Shaanxi Province, grain prices have continued to rise The price of wheat market has risen from 0.81 yuan / kg after the summer harvest last year to 1.13 yuan / kg at present, up about 14%, a large increase The biggest increase was in corn, which rose from 0.73 yuan / kg after the autumn harvest last year to 1.20 yuan / kg at present, up 16% - 17% The price of corn is higher than that of wheat, and coarse grain is better than fine grain, which is unprecedented in Shaanxi and the whole country! The reason why the price of corn overwhelms the price of wheat and corn, from "bitter beans" years ago to "fragrant grains" of wheat today, is mainly due to the following reasons: first, the reduction of corn planting area In recent years, with the acceleration of the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, many rural areas have pressed grain to expand their economy, the corn planting area has been reduced year by year, the total output has declined, resulting in the price rise Last year, the country's grain area was reduced by 90 million mu The second is that farmers have abandoned corn In recent years, in many rural areas, with the rising of irrigation water fee, the price of production materials such as chemical fertilizer and pesticide continues to rise, the cost of grain production is increasing day by day, and many farmers' enthusiasm for grain production is frustrated Many farmers do not want to grow a variety of grains, only wheat and abandoned corn, resulting in the reduction of corn planting area Third, natural disasters occur frequently Last year, China suffered the most serious drought since the founding of the people's Republic of China Last year, the northeast region, the main corn producing area, seriously reduced production At the same time, in the past two years, corn borer and other diseases and insect pests occurred frequently, which also led to the decline of corn production Fourth, due to the rapid development of animal husbandry In recent years, the proportion of grain consumption in China has gradually declined At the same time, the indirect consumption of grain, such as meat, poultry, eggs and milk, has increased by 7.6% annually, which has strongly promoted the development of animal husbandry, and the proportion of feed grain in the grain consumption structure has been increasing Fifth, the rapid development of feed industry Corn production areas in the south of China are scattered with less output, accounting for only 19.2% of the whole country However, feed industry is far developed in the north In the past two years, the development momentum has become stronger and the demand for corn has greatly increased, which has further boosted the price of corn Sixth, corn exports have increased year after year In the past few years, China's grain import and export policy was not mature, so it had a certain negative impact on corn production and marketing For example, in the mid-1990s, a large number of corn was imported from the south of China, but at the same time, the export of corn was limited in several provinces of Northeast China, resulting in the situation of "no export from the south to the north", leading to the "difficult sale" of corn in the north In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the national grain import and export policy, the impact of the financial crisis on Southeast Asian countries has gradually faded China's corn export has increased year by year, reaching 10.47 million tons in 2000, the most in recent years The increase in exports has strongly driven up the price of corn The seventh reason is the development of corn deep processing industry Eighth, corn is widely used In recent years, corn starch has been widely used in food, textile, papermaking and other industries Monosodium glutamate industry and alcohol manufacturing industry, which used to use dried potato as the main raw material, have gradually turned to corn as the main raw material Nine is due to the change of residents' consumption concept In recent years, with the establishment of the new concept of diet and nutrition, the nutrition and health food is very popular The corn food rich in nutrition is more and more popular The sale of corn cake, corn puffed food and corn products in various forms is increasingly optimistic and the demand is growing While the price of corn in China is rising, the price of corn in the international market is also rising In recent two years, the main food producing areas in the world have suffered from natural disasters to varying degrees The world food production has declined significantly and the price has gradually increased Guide farmers to grow good corn Under the situation of China's accession to the WTO, under the circumstances of narrow income increasing channels and low enthusiasm of farmers for planting grain, under the background of huge demand potential of corn market, how to guide and protect the coming corn planting upsurge, help farmers out of the strange circle of "what to plant and what to compensate for", and strive to avoid corn "selling" due to oversupply in the next few years The "difficult" situation is very important at present The author thinks that the following aspects should be paid attention to: first, vigorously promote the new varieties of corn Guiding farmers to plant new varieties with special characteristics can not only solve the contradiction between supply and demand, but also lead to the decrease of the quantity and the balance of the total supply and demand We should encourage farmers to take a diversified approach in corn planting, and vigorously promote the cultivation of high lysine corn, high oil corn, high starch corn, sweet corn, waxy corn, etc., which are popular in the current market Second, vigorously develop the corn deep processing industry Grain deep processing enterprises should seize the opportunity of rising corn price and increasing farmers' enthusiasm for corn planting in time, vigorously develop corn deep processing industry with corn as raw material, strive to improve the level of corn deep processing, constantly enrich the variety of corn products, broaden the use of corn, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of corn, and expand the market share of corn products Third, vigorously develop animal husbandry In response to the increasing demand for meat, poultry, eggs and milk, the indirect transformation capacity of corn was greatly improved Fourth, actively develop feed industry Strive to improve the production of premix and concentrate with corn as the main raw material Fifth, vigorously develop corn food Actively guide and support all kinds of processing enterprises and individuals, and constantly increase the amount of corn conversion Sixth, we will further deepen the reform of the grain distribution system On the one hand, the state-owned grain storage and collection enterprises should purchase surplus grain according to the protection price, instead of limiting, rejecting and reducing the purchase price; on the other hand, they should decentralize the examination and approval power of grain purchase enterprises in time, form the diversification of market operation subjects in an orderly manner, actively activate the circulation of grain, and enable the surplus grain in the hands of farmers to be sold in time The seventh is to establish a market regulation system of "three in one" of domestic and foreign trade, production and marketing areas and warehousing The government should formulate relevant policies to unify domestic and foreign trade, production and marketing areas and national reserves in the goal of regulating the general balance of supply and demand of agricultural products such as corn Foreign trade import and export should not only consider earning foreign exchange, but also be conducive to regulating the surplus and shortage of domestic corn market; reasonably solve the interest conflicts between local governments in the corn production and marketing areas, so that the corn in the production areas can reach an appropriate balance Timely supply and marketing areas; actively use the regulatory function of the state's special reserves, and timely implement the adjustment of throughput Through the "Trinity" efforts, to ensure the relative stability of the market price of corn.