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Picture: How nanoparticles affect the tumor microenvironment
The main goal of cancer treatment is to destroy cancer cells while preserving the surrounding healthy tissue
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The term "tumor microenvironment" (TME) describes the area surrounding the tumor, usually composed of blood vessels and immune cells
In a study published in the journal "Bioactive Materials" in KeAi, a group of researchers from China outlined the latest developments in tme-targeted nanoparticles and determined the prospects for further research
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The author Fan Xianqun (transliteration) is a professor of ophthalmology at the Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.
He explained: “Due to tumor vascular leakage and impaired lymphatic drainage, nanoparticles tend to accumulate much more in tumors than in normal tissues
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"So far, we have seen the initial success of using nanoparticles to target the main components in TME, including low oxygen levels (hypoxia) in tumor-draining lymph nodes and tissues
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But there is an opportunity for further development: Nanoparticles have immunomodulation Ability to activate dendritic cells and macrophages, relieve hypoxia, and change the immunosuppressive TME state to an immune support state
In this study, Professor Fan and his co-authors also discussed the challenges researchers currently face in nanomedicine
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He explained: "The limitations of nanoparticle applications in cancer immunotherapy are largely due to our limited understanding of the immune network during the initial tumor formation
"The immune system is complex, and the effect of the depletion or suppression of one component on the entire network is unclear
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In addition, due to the variation we see in tumor structures, a single nanoplatform may not be enough
He added: “Although there are still some challenges in the process of transforming nanomedicine into clinical practice, with the in-depth understanding of cancer immunology and nanomedicine, nanoparticles will revolutionize cancer immunotherapy in the near future
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We It is hoped that this research will contribute to the progress in this field
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