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The human immune system can not only fight the invasion of pathogens, but also protect us from cancer and other diseases
.
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are the most important molecules in the human immune system.
The body produces billions of different IgGs through recombination and mutation, but we cannot directly describe the diversity of IgG1 circulating in human plasma
.
Recently, the Albert JR Heck team from Utrecht University in the Netherlands discovered the immune diversity of the body by analyzing the antibody profiles of healthy and diseased people
.
Interestingly, the IgG1 lineage of each donor is unique, which means that everyone may have a completely unique immune system like DNA
.
The related research was published in Cell Systems on September 16, 2021, entitled "Human Plasma IgG1 repertoires are simple, unique and dynamic"
.
https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cels.
2021.
08.
008 Researchers collected plasma samples from 2 healthy controls and 8 sepsis patients, obtained complete IgGs from them and cleaved them with specific enzymes to obtain IgG1Fab fragments , LC-MS qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the IgG1 lineage of a single donor
.
In sharp contrast to the expectation of the wide diversity of IgG1, the authors observed that all LC-MS patterns of IgG1 Fab molecules are dominated by only a few dozen peaks
.
At the same time, inter-individual analysis shows that each donor has its own simple and unique IgG1 lineage, and the overlap of IgG1 lineages between individuals is close to zero
.
Over time, the researchers monitored that most IgG1 clones in healthy donors maintained a certain concentration
.
The serum IgG1 profile of patients with sepsis shows several different patterns: some IgG1 clones will have a reduced concentration, and some IgG1 clones will not be detected until the sepsis disappears, indicating that individual clones are affected by different physiological changes
.
Fab IDs with almost no overlap between individuals.
Over time, the concentration of some IgG1 clones will decrease (blue), some IgG1 clones are not detected until T4 phase (red), and some IgG1 clones remain at all times Stable concentration (green) In order to further the function and origin of these IgG1 clones, the researchers performed the full sequence determination of a single high-abundance IgG1 Fab in the donor F59 lineage
.
Among them, 24.
4147 and 359.
4 clones only appeared after the onset of sepsis
.
Taking into account the high variability of the sequence and the complexity of the IgG molecular structure, the author adopted a hybrid iterative method of peptide-centered (bottom-up) and protein-centered (middle-down), and performed the 24.
4147,359.
4 clones.
After separation and screening, a new sequencing based on mass spectrometry was performed to finally determine the mature sequence that exists in the donor, revealing the difference between the precursor sequence and the mature sequence
.
Mature sequence of 24.
4147,359.
4.
In this study, sequencing at the protein level of IgG clones in plasma proved to be feasible
.
The alternate sequencing method centered on peptides and proteins can not only identify the different alleles of a single clone, but also the entire mature sequence
.
The author also talked about the future goal is to directly monitor a variety of serum immunoglobulins and sequencing based on mass spectrometry when they appear in the circulation and play a role in the human immune response
.
The most interesting thing is that this study reveals the diversity of the body’s immunity.
Each person’s unique immune system makes the response to pathogens vary from person to person.
This may explain why some people have been vaccinated but still do.
A disease caused by infection with this pathogen
.
After infection or vaccination, the body will produce dozens of different antibodies against the pathogen, but these antibodies may mainly target one mutant.
If another mutant appears, the body may be infected again
.
This can also explain why the new crown vaccine does not seem to be effective for some people
.
In order to facilitate you to continue to receive our articles, you are welcome to set us as a "star" so that you can see our news in the future
.
End reference materials: [1]https:// %2FS2405471221003318%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
.
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are the most important molecules in the human immune system.
The body produces billions of different IgGs through recombination and mutation, but we cannot directly describe the diversity of IgG1 circulating in human plasma
.
Recently, the Albert JR Heck team from Utrecht University in the Netherlands discovered the immune diversity of the body by analyzing the antibody profiles of healthy and diseased people
.
Interestingly, the IgG1 lineage of each donor is unique, which means that everyone may have a completely unique immune system like DNA
.
The related research was published in Cell Systems on September 16, 2021, entitled "Human Plasma IgG1 repertoires are simple, unique and dynamic"
.
https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cels.
2021.
08.
008 Researchers collected plasma samples from 2 healthy controls and 8 sepsis patients, obtained complete IgGs from them and cleaved them with specific enzymes to obtain IgG1Fab fragments , LC-MS qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the IgG1 lineage of a single donor
.
In sharp contrast to the expectation of the wide diversity of IgG1, the authors observed that all LC-MS patterns of IgG1 Fab molecules are dominated by only a few dozen peaks
.
At the same time, inter-individual analysis shows that each donor has its own simple and unique IgG1 lineage, and the overlap of IgG1 lineages between individuals is close to zero
.
Over time, the researchers monitored that most IgG1 clones in healthy donors maintained a certain concentration
.
The serum IgG1 profile of patients with sepsis shows several different patterns: some IgG1 clones will have a reduced concentration, and some IgG1 clones will not be detected until the sepsis disappears, indicating that individual clones are affected by different physiological changes
.
Fab IDs with almost no overlap between individuals.
Over time, the concentration of some IgG1 clones will decrease (blue), some IgG1 clones are not detected until T4 phase (red), and some IgG1 clones remain at all times Stable concentration (green) In order to further the function and origin of these IgG1 clones, the researchers performed the full sequence determination of a single high-abundance IgG1 Fab in the donor F59 lineage
.
Among them, 24.
4147 and 359.
4 clones only appeared after the onset of sepsis
.
Taking into account the high variability of the sequence and the complexity of the IgG molecular structure, the author adopted a hybrid iterative method of peptide-centered (bottom-up) and protein-centered (middle-down), and performed the 24.
4147,359.
4 clones.
After separation and screening, a new sequencing based on mass spectrometry was performed to finally determine the mature sequence that exists in the donor, revealing the difference between the precursor sequence and the mature sequence
.
Mature sequence of 24.
4147,359.
4.
In this study, sequencing at the protein level of IgG clones in plasma proved to be feasible
.
The alternate sequencing method centered on peptides and proteins can not only identify the different alleles of a single clone, but also the entire mature sequence
.
The author also talked about the future goal is to directly monitor a variety of serum immunoglobulins and sequencing based on mass spectrometry when they appear in the circulation and play a role in the human immune response
.
The most interesting thing is that this study reveals the diversity of the body’s immunity.
Each person’s unique immune system makes the response to pathogens vary from person to person.
This may explain why some people have been vaccinated but still do.
A disease caused by infection with this pathogen
.
After infection or vaccination, the body will produce dozens of different antibodies against the pathogen, but these antibodies may mainly target one mutant.
If another mutant appears, the body may be infected again
.
This can also explain why the new crown vaccine does not seem to be effective for some people
.
In order to facilitate you to continue to receive our articles, you are welcome to set us as a "star" so that you can see our news in the future
.
End reference materials: [1]https:// %2FS2405471221003318%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
