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| Why can Pacific rock fish live for more than 200 years? |
Recently, biologists at the University of California, Berkeley compared the genomes of nearly two-thirds of rockfish species living in the waters of the Pacific coast and revealed some genetic differences that cause their lifespans to differ greatly
.
Related research results were published in "Science"
Pacific rockfish is a collective term for bottom fishes that live in waters from Alaska to California
.
Although these fish do not even have an exact name, they are one of the longest-lived vertebrates on earth and hold the secret of longevity
Some rock fish, such as the colorful Sebastes dallii (Sebastes dallii), have a lifespan of only more than ten years, while the longest-lived Aleutian scorpionfish (Sebastes aleutianus) can live on the cold sea bed for more than 200 years.
Found in the waters from Japan to the Aleutian Islands
.
In order to reveal the genetic factors that determine the lifespan of rockfish, the researchers collected tissue samples (and occasionally tasting samples) from 88 rockfish species, and sequenced their genomes using PacBio or SMRT sequencing technology
.
Researchers have discovered multiple genes related to longevity, some of which make it adapt to deeper waters, and other genes make it adapt to larger body types, both of which are related to longer lifespan
.
For example, among mammals, elephants live longer than mice
Peter Sudmant, the corresponding author of the study and an assistant professor of integrated biology at the University of California, Berkeley, said: "In this study, we determined the genetic causes and consequences of adapting to extreme lifespans
.
We are very happy to be able to observe a group of species and see their How the phenotype develops over time, as well as the genetic changes that drive this phenotype and how this phenotype feeds back and affects the genetic diversity of the population
Sudmant admitted that many biological pathways related to lifespan discovered in the study have been discovered in previous studies of other species, but this study did find several new genes in these pathways
.
However, this natural variation carried by fish throughout the Pacific uniquely encompasses most of the genetic factors that affect lifespan
This research is also meaningful for understanding human lifespan
.
Sudmant's team found that species with longer lifespans have more immunomodulatory genes, especially a group of genes called lactophilin
Sudmant's team is currently comparing the genomes of bats, primates, and other organisms to study genes related to differences in lifespan, aging, stress, and other phenotypes
.
"We have the opportunity to observe nature, see how natural adaptation affects lifespan, and then think about how the same genes work in our own bodies
.
" Sudmant said
Related paper information: https://doi.
https://doi.
org/10.
1126/science.
abg5332
