What is the key to export success?

Introduction: China is a large agricultural country, agricultural economy accounts for about one-third of the total output value of China's national economy, and the development of agricultural economy is still the primary task of China's economic development However, according to incomplete statistics in recent years, the foreign trade of China's agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products only accounts for about 10% of China's total foreign trade, which is far from the goal of developed countries and has great potential to increase the foreign trade of China's agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products There are many reasons to restrict the export of agricultural, animal husbandry and aquatic products in China, but the most important one is the barriers of technical barriers to trade in foreign countries Technical barriers to trade (TBT) are the technical requirements put forward by emphasizing the protection of human and animal safety, public health and environmental protection Through the government's promulgation of laws and regulations, technical standards and restrictions, it aims to limit imports, prevent market opening and market access, and protect the development of related industries in the country It is the last refuge of today's international trade protectionism and the lever to regulate today's international trade The implementation of TBT and SPS agreements is the biggest obstacle to the export of agricultural, animal husbandry and aquatic products The United States, Japan, South Korea, Europe and other countries and regions, our trading partners, have implemented the HACCP (hazard analysis and key control points) standard system based on food safety The standard system is formulated by the United States, which is a preventive control system to ensure food safety It has been gradually adopted by the European Union, Japan and other countries, thus forming international standards The standard requires a comprehensive analysis of the source and processing of food raw materials in a reasonable and scientific way, so as to determine the key control points, critical limits and detection procedures, and establish a sound recording system and self detection system It includes hazard analysis and preventive measures; establishment of key control points in the process of food preparation; establishment of temporary limits of preventive measures; establishment of monitoring procedures for key control points; corrective measures and establishment of a sound recording system, as well as establishment of HACCP operation verification procedures This standard is applicable to microbial hazards (bacteria, viruses, parasites), chemical hazards, chemical pollutants, residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs, food additives, pesticides, auxin, preservatives, pigments, cleaners, etc.), physical hazards (impurities in food such as glass, metal, plastic, wood, etc.), packaging, refrigeration, transportation, etc., and food additives There are clear requirements and regulations for the work process and steps, corresponding standards for monitoring, recording and evaluation, and regulations for registration, certification and market permission of food origin and processing plants The implementation of HACCP standards in various countries has seriously affected the export of agricultural products, meat products, aquatic products and vegetables From January to June this year alone, more than 640 batches of agricultural, animal husbandry and aquatic products exported from China to the United States were returned or destroyed by the U.S FDA because the inspection and quarantine did not meet the HACCP standards The European Union banned the export of poultry and aquatic products to Europe Since June this year, the European Union has implemented new standards for peanuts and their products exported to Europe by China The limit of aflatoxin has been reduced from 20 ppb and 10 ppb to 4 ppb, and the import batch has also been reduced to 4-7 tons per batch, which severely limits the export of peanuts in China Since 1999, the U.S has required that all wooden packages of Chinese goods exported to the U.S be heat treated, fumigated or antiseptic, otherwise, the original should be returned Only 28% to 5L% of China's total goods exported to the United States are affected, and the economic loss is about 17 billion US dollars to 32 billion US dollars every year The European Union, Canada and other countries followed the United States in promulgating and implementing the act, which affected China's commodity trade of about 50 billion US dollars exported to Europe and Canada In March 1999, Japan's Ministry of agriculture, forestry and Fisheries and the Ministry of health and welfare proposed that China's food processing plants in Japan should prohibit the use of chlorine dioxide disinfectant, which is widely used in China's paper-making and food factories as a disinfectant product for production water, which increases the difficulty of food transportation in China Since July 1, 2000, Japan has strengthened the certification and marking management of organic agricultural products and food exported to Japan It is required that the origin of food, frozen (or fresh) food and breeding ground should be clearly marked Including name, raw materials, capacity in package, circulation period, storage method, name of manufacturer, etc All agricultural, animal husbandry and aquatic products must be clearly marked with the origin Only in the cultivation of crops that do not use pesticides and chemical fertilizers at all, and through the inspection of designated institutions, can agricultural products be recognized as "organic agricultural products" and labeled, which has caused great obstacles to the trade between China and Japan for a long time In addition, the detection items of streptomycin, yeast and glycerin were added to honey exported to EU countries After negotiation and negotiation by China's inspection and quarantine authorities, the EU has agreed to lift the ban on aquatic products exported to the EU, but it has put forward five additional conditions and requirements, which greatly increases the difficulty of export In short, TBT, SPS and other technical measures have become new trade barriers to replace tariff and other non-tariff barriers, making them flexible, camouflaged and hidden, and put on the coat of legal and difficult to deal with With the acceleration of China's accession to wtid, China has strengthened the research on foreign TBT measures, and various departments are gradually formulating effective countermeasures for travel Domestic enterprises are gradually adjusting their industrial structure and studying foreign demands, especially foreign technical regulations, measures and standards, to meet the needs of the new situation To meet the new challenges, to survive and develop, and to constantly open up the international market are also the arduous tasks of China's agricultural, animal husbandry and aquaculture industry Under this situation, China's import and export trade of agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products totaled 19.777 billion US dollars in the first three quarters of this year, an increase of 30.9% over the same period last year (the same below), of which the export value was 11.366 billion US dollars, an increase of 20.8%; the import value was 8.411 billion US dollars, an increase of 47.5%, making China's trade surplus of agriculture, animal husbandry and aquatic products reach 2.955 billion US dollars Among them, 10.837 million tons of grain were imported, an increase of 122%, The export volume was 10.539 million tons, an increase of 135%, and the import volume was larger than the export volume; the export volume of livestock products was 2.796 billion US dollars, an increase of 22.1%, and the import volume was 3.931 billion US dollars, an increase of 36.7%, the import volume was larger than the export volume, and the trade deficit was 1.135 billion US dollars; the export volume of aquatic products was 2.664 billion US dollars, an increase of 23.5%, and the import volume was 1.349 billion US dollars, an increase of 32.5%, the export volume was larger than the import volume, and the trade surplus was 1.315 billion The import and export of edible vegetable oil decreased again, while the import of sugar increased by a large margin; the export of vegetables and fruits Maintain good momentum So far, it can be seen that this year, China's import and export trade of agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture has made great achievements and success on the basis of overcoming various difficulties and obstacles, and laid a good foundation for the development of the new century in the future.