Vice Minister of wanbaorui answers readers' questions on "action plan of pollution free food"

Introduction: food quality and safety issues are increasingly becoming the enemy of agricultural products to achieve benefits Therefore, in April this year, the "pollution-free food action plan" organized and implemented by the Ministry of agriculture was officially launched This plan will take 8-10 years to basically achieve pollution-free production and consumption of major agricultural products in China In this regard, we interviewed Wan Baorui, executive vice minister of the Ministry of agriculture Reporter: in recent years, the shortage of agricultural products has been basically solved, and the quality and safety problems have become a major shackle restricting the formation of market competitiveness of agricultural products What is the impact of this problem? Wanbaorui: as China's agriculture and rural economy enter a new stage of development, the quality and safety of agricultural products has indeed become one of the major contradictions in agricultural development In recent years, the use of agricultural materials such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed and additives, fertilizers, animal and plant hormones has been increasing, which has played a positive role in the development of agricultural production At the same time, due to environmental pollution and other reasons, the pollution of agricultural products has become increasingly prominent The quality and safety problems of agricultural products not only harm people's health and the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, but also affect the export of agricultural products and the international image of China At present, table pollution and poisoning caused by pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues and other toxic and harmful substances in agricultural products of our country occur every year Since the 1990s, China's export of chicken, pork, rabbit meat, eel, honey, tea, vegetables and other agricultural products to Europe, Japan, the United States and other countries and regions has been rejected, detained, returned, destroyed, claimed and terminated due to pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues, heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances exceeding the food quality and safety standards announced by the international As a result, many traditional agricultural products are forced to withdraw from the international market, causing serious losses to China's foreign trade At present, China's livestock products are basically rejected by other countries and regions except Hong Kong and Russia, which makes it difficult for China's production advantage to become an economic advantage In 1997, the European Union banned the import of shellfish products from China since July 1, 1997, because most of the shellfish products in China's coastal areas exceeded the standard seriously Facts fully show that the existence of the quality and safety of agricultural products has not only become a serious obstacle to the adjustment of agricultural and rural economic structure, but also a huge hidden danger in the fierce international market competition after China's accession to the WTO, and has reached the point where great efforts are needed to deal with it Reporter: over the past 20 years of reform and opening up, the agricultural sector has accumulated successful experience and made significant contributions to ensuring the effective supply of agricultural products What are the main problems that should be solved to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products? Marlboro: first of all, at present, China's agricultural product quality and safety management is facing some sharp contradictions On the producer side China's agricultural production scale is small, the degree of organization is low, the industrialization development is slow, the contradiction between the small production and the big market is prominent, the producers of agricultural products lack the enthusiasm and urgency to organize production according to the requirements of standardization, so it is difficult to manage with unified standards It will take a long time to change this situation At the same time, producers should organize production in accordance with the standardized mode and use the means of production safely and reasonably, which will increase the production cost of agricultural products correspondingly, and in turn affect the enthusiasm of producers On the consumer side The domestic and foreign markets have different requirements for the health and safety of various edible agricultural products Many consumers have poor quality awareness and lack of awareness of the hazards of drug residues in food safety When buying goods, the first consideration is the price factor, and those safety products with higher prices are reluctant to spend money to buy; on the other hand, consumers can't recognize the quality of products sold in the market, so they have to choose products by feeling In terms of circulation Most agricultural products are listed in bulk, without packaging, logo or trademark, which makes it difficult for consumers to identify the true and the false in the market; when there are quality and safety problems, it is also difficult to investigate the responsibility of producers and operators This provides convenience for unsafe products In terms of management The current laws and regulations related to the quality and safety management of agricultural products are incomplete, the main body of law enforcement is not clear, and there is a lack of laws and regulations specific to the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products In addition, the cost of product quality and safety testing is high, and the lack of fast testing equipment increases the difficulty of management objectively It can be seen that the quality and safety of agricultural products is not a link that can be solved, and the control and management of the whole process from "farmland to dining table" must be realized In this process, the government's supervision will play a decisive role Since the liberation of China, in order to solve the food shortage, the main goal of China's agricultural production has been to focus on quantity The slogan of "crossing the Yellow River" and "crossing the Yangtze River" embodies a goal and a banner of agricultural production at that time As agriculture enters a new stage of development, quality and safety issues become more and more important and become another flag This change will come very quickly If we solve the problem in the conventional way, it will obviously not meet the needs of the development of the new situation, nor satisfy the leaders and the masses We should have a strong sense of urgency, change our ideas, adjust our thinking, and fully understand the importance and urgency of this work At the same time, we should realize that to solve the quality and safety problems of agricultural products is not only a major measure to protect the interests of consumers, but also an effective measure to promote the adjustment of agricultural structure, improve the competitiveness of agricultural products in the market, and increase the income of farmers, and an important content to rectify and standardize the order of market economy Fundamentally speaking, it is the concrete embodiment of the important thought of "Three Represents" of General Secretary Jiang The promotion of this work will undoubtedly be a profound revolution in Chinese agriculture Reporter: "the action plan of pollution-free food" has been selected to carry out pilot projects in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Shenzhen from the very beginning What are the purposes and benefits of doing so? Wanbaorui: in March this year, the Ministry of Agriculture organized forces to conduct special investigations in some provinces (regions, cities) and regions on the management of quality and safety of agricultural products, and finally put forward the idea of carrying out pilot projects in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Shenzhen The main reason is that big cities are the end of agricultural products consumption and the place where food safety problems occur The practice of four cities to carry out this work in different degrees provides us with very useful experience in the quality and safety management of agricultural products In the spirit of being highly responsible to the people, the main leaders of the four municipal committees and governments fully understand the importance of the quality and safety management of agricultural products in ideology, and closely link the quality and safety management of agricultural products with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, industrialized operation, increase of farmers' income and welcome to the WTO In action, we should put this work on an important agenda, take measures and pay close attention to its implementation For example, when Shanghai held the "Conference on promoting agricultural standardization", mayor Xu Kuangdi and deputy mayor Feng Guoqin attended the conference in person to promote and deploy the quality and safety management of agricultural products in Shanghai; leaders such as deputy mayor Yue Fuhong of Beijing presided over the mobilization Conference on the construction of safe production system of edible agricultural products, which promoted the safe production management of Beijing's night products and ensured the safety of edible agriculture Product safety is one of the 60 practical things that the municipal government does for residents The four cities also issued documents in the name of the municipal government or the general office of the municipal government to unify the thinking, improve the understanding, clarify the objectives and implement the measures The importance of leadership has become an important driving force for the in-depth development of this work In order to do this work well, four cities have set up corresponding management or municipal organizations under the leadership of the municipal government Some of the leaders in charge of the city are in charge in person, and some of the relevant competent departments work together to ensure the unified leadership, planning, steps and implementation of the quality and safety management of agricultural products This kind of management mode is worth popularizing, which has a special person in charge of the city leaders, a clear responsibility of the competent department, and the coordination of the relevant departments Standards are the basis of quality and safety management of agricultural products, and also the basis of work The four cities have well reflected this awareness in their practical work, and formulated corresponding standards from different perspectives The formulation and implementation of these standards not only standardize the actions of producers, improve the level of production technology, but also protect the interests of consumers, standardize the order of market economy, accelerate the transformation of scientific and educational achievements, and promote technological innovation All four cities start with vegetables that are most strongly reflected by the residents, and strengthen market quality supervision and spot check At the same time of establishing a special inspection organization and improving the inspection means, we selected the qualified wholesale market, supermarket and production base, set up a harmless agricultural product quality inspection station, equipped with a fast detector, trained inspectors, focused on process control, and carried out the exploration of vegetable base and market access monitoring Four cities adopt the way of tracking and testing to the determined bases and markets, strengthen the promotion of the rational use of pesticides in the production process and the management of pesticide restriction and prohibition, and ensure the quality and safety from the source of production At the time of sale, not only the market should carry out rapid detection, but also the quality inspection center of agricultural products should carry out regular inspection to prevent the toxic and harmful substances such as pesticide residues from being put on the counter The quality and safety management of agricultural products, in addition to guiding the production of agricultural products and operators to organize production and operation according to the standardization, is more important because it is related to the national economy and people's livelihood, so it needs policy support and financial support from the government In this respect, the experience of Shanghai is worth learning In short, the work of the four cities will not only play a leading role in the agricultural production and market consumption of the four cities themselves, but also in a considerable part of the provinces and regions outside the pilot cities Reporter: from the perspective of overall work and plan arrangement, how will the "pollution-free food action plan" be carried out? What are the main breakthroughs in the work? Wanbaorui: according to the proposal of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Tenth Five Year Plan adopted at the fourth session of the Ninth National People's Congress, in accordance with the spirit of the National Conference on rectifying and standardizing the market economic order and the requirements of the leadership of the State Council, it is a central and key work of the Ministry of agriculture to do a good job in the quality and safety management of agricultural products Starting this year, the Ministry of agriculture will launch the "pollution-free food action plan" nationwide Specific considerations are as follows: (1) clear objectives The general idea of work is: to comprehensively improve the quality and safety level of China's agricultural products as the core, based on the construction of the quality standard system and quality inspection and testing system of agricultural products, taking the "basket" products as the breakthrough point, taking the market access as the breakthrough point, starting from the two links of origin and market, through the implementation of the quality and safety control of agricultural products in the whole process of "from farmland to dinner table", 8 -In 10 years or less, we will realize harmless production and consumption of major agricultural products and meet the development needs of domestic and foreign markets (2) do a good job in the pilot program Select cities with working basis for pilot