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July 5, 2022: A recently published study by Vetmeduni's Konrad Lorenz Institute for Animal Behavior tests several common hypotheses
In the animal kingdom, the size of the brain varies greatly
Only part of the current hypothesis is universally valid
In their study, recently published in the Journal of Evolutionary Biology, the two researchers tested three of the most prominent of these hypotheses in fish — the expensive organization hypothesis, the social brain hypothesis, and the cognitive buffering hypothesis
However, the study failed to test other hypotheses, explaining Stefan Fischer, lead author from the Konrad Lorenz Institute of Animal Behavior in Vetmeduni: "Contrary to expectations, the lifespan of large-headed fish has been shortened, and there is a trend that species undergoing parenting have smaller
Basic assumptions should be tested with different taxonomic units
In summary, some of the potential costs and benefits of the big brain (reduced fertility) and benefits (increased sociality) seem to be pervasive for vertebrates, while others have more lineage-specific effects