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Please click on the "PlantReports" ↑ above to follow us! Learn about the latest research progress in plant science for the first time! Plant innate immunity is an immune resistance mechanism gradually formed during the long-term co-evolution of plants with pathogenic microorganisms to resist the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms
.
An important part of plant innate immunity is the innate immunity caused by effector proteins
.
NB-LRR (NLR) protein is the main immune receptor in plant cells, which triggers immune response and programmed cell death by identifying pathogenic microbial effector proteins
.
Plant NLRs can be divided into three categories according to their N-terminal signal transduction domains: TIR-NB-LRR (TNL), CC-NB-LRR (CNL) and CCR-NB-LRR (RNL)
.
TNL and CNL recognize the effector protein of pathogenic bacteria, RNL does not directly recognize the effector protein of pathogenic bacteria, but acts on the downstream of TNL and CNL, which is called helper NLR
.
However, the molecular mechanism of immune receptor regulation of immunity is not very clear before
.
Two research papers published by Science and Cell revealed that CNL and RNL two types of immune receptors act as the molecular mechanism of calcium ion channels to activate immune response
.
These two papers are respectively: Zhou Jianmin, Chen Yuhang, He Kangmin, and Chai Jijie of Tsinghua University published a research paper titled The ZAR1 resistosome is a calcium-permeable channel triggering plant immune signaling in Cell in collaboration with Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences And the Jeff Dangl Laboratory of the University of North Carolina, the Wanli Research Group of the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Pei Zhenming Laboratory of Duke University in the United States jointly published in Science entitled Plant "helper" immune receptors are Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channels Research articles
.
In a study published in Cell, researchers used single-molecule imaging to find that activated ZAR1 protein can form pentameric complexes on plant cell membranes
.
The ZAR1 anti-disease bodies assembled in vitro are directly inserted into the lipid bilayer, and have Ca2+ permeable cation channel activity, and the ion channel activity depends on Glu11 amino acid residues
.
Further studies have found that activated ZAR1 promotes a series of physiological responses in plant cells, such as Glu11-dependent Ca2+ influx, disturbance of subcellular structure, production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death
.
Therefore, ZAR1 anti-disease bodies have ion channel activity, which is indispensable for activating calcium signal and downstream immune response and cell death
.
The disease-resistant body located in the plasma membrane activates calcium ion current and immune response through its cation channel activity.
In this study published in Science, the researchers first analyzed the crystal structure of the Arabidopsis NRG1 CCR domain and found The structure of CCR is very similar to MLKL, which acts as a cation channel to induce cell necrosis in animals
.
Further studies have found that both the self-activating mutant and wild-type ADR1 expressing NRG1 in tobacco and human cancer cells can cause cell death, and the death phenotype depends on the plasma membrane localization and the calcium influx mediated by it
.
Electrophysiological experiments also confirmed that the self-activating mutant of NRG1 is a calcium ion-permeable but non-selective cation channel
.
All Arabidopsis TNL relies on downstream ADR1/NRG1 to mediate immunity, so this study reveals the molecular mechanism of a broad range of TNL downstream resistance and cell death
.
Links to two papers: https:// https://science.
sciencemag.
org/content/early/2021/06/16/science.
abg7917 This article is organized based on existing major reports
.
Press and hold the QR code below to follow Plant Reports! Pay attention to the latest research progress in agricultural science and plant science! For investment and reprint, please contact plantreports@163.
com
.
An important part of plant innate immunity is the innate immunity caused by effector proteins
.
NB-LRR (NLR) protein is the main immune receptor in plant cells, which triggers immune response and programmed cell death by identifying pathogenic microbial effector proteins
.
Plant NLRs can be divided into three categories according to their N-terminal signal transduction domains: TIR-NB-LRR (TNL), CC-NB-LRR (CNL) and CCR-NB-LRR (RNL)
.
TNL and CNL recognize the effector protein of pathogenic bacteria, RNL does not directly recognize the effector protein of pathogenic bacteria, but acts on the downstream of TNL and CNL, which is called helper NLR
.
However, the molecular mechanism of immune receptor regulation of immunity is not very clear before
.
Two research papers published by Science and Cell revealed that CNL and RNL two types of immune receptors act as the molecular mechanism of calcium ion channels to activate immune response
.
These two papers are respectively: Zhou Jianmin, Chen Yuhang, He Kangmin, and Chai Jijie of Tsinghua University published a research paper titled The ZAR1 resistosome is a calcium-permeable channel triggering plant immune signaling in Cell in collaboration with Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences And the Jeff Dangl Laboratory of the University of North Carolina, the Wanli Research Group of the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Pei Zhenming Laboratory of Duke University in the United States jointly published in Science entitled Plant "helper" immune receptors are Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channels Research articles
.
In a study published in Cell, researchers used single-molecule imaging to find that activated ZAR1 protein can form pentameric complexes on plant cell membranes
.
The ZAR1 anti-disease bodies assembled in vitro are directly inserted into the lipid bilayer, and have Ca2+ permeable cation channel activity, and the ion channel activity depends on Glu11 amino acid residues
.
Further studies have found that activated ZAR1 promotes a series of physiological responses in plant cells, such as Glu11-dependent Ca2+ influx, disturbance of subcellular structure, production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death
.
Therefore, ZAR1 anti-disease bodies have ion channel activity, which is indispensable for activating calcium signal and downstream immune response and cell death
.
The disease-resistant body located in the plasma membrane activates calcium ion current and immune response through its cation channel activity.
In this study published in Science, the researchers first analyzed the crystal structure of the Arabidopsis NRG1 CCR domain and found The structure of CCR is very similar to MLKL, which acts as a cation channel to induce cell necrosis in animals
.
Further studies have found that both the self-activating mutant and wild-type ADR1 expressing NRG1 in tobacco and human cancer cells can cause cell death, and the death phenotype depends on the plasma membrane localization and the calcium influx mediated by it
.
Electrophysiological experiments also confirmed that the self-activating mutant of NRG1 is a calcium ion-permeable but non-selective cation channel
.
All Arabidopsis TNL relies on downstream ADR1/NRG1 to mediate immunity, so this study reveals the molecular mechanism of a broad range of TNL downstream resistance and cell death
.
Links to two papers: https:// https://science.
sciencemag.
org/content/early/2021/06/16/science.
abg7917 This article is organized based on existing major reports
.
Press and hold the QR code below to follow Plant Reports! Pay attention to the latest research progress in agricultural science and plant science! For investment and reprint, please contact plantreports@163.
com
