The Synthetic Routes of 9,9'-Diphenyl-9H,9'H-3,3'-bicarbazole

The Synthetic Routes of 9,9'-Diphenyl-9H,9'H-3,3'-bicarbazole: A Review in the Chemical Industry

9,9'-Diphenyl-9H,9'H-3,3'-bicarbazole (DPBC) is a synthetic chemical compound widely used in various industrial applications, including as a phosphor in electroluminescent devices, as a sensitizer in solar cells, and as a ligand in metal complexes.
The synthesis of DPBC has been extensively studied in the chemical industry, with various synthetic routes developed over the years.
This article will provide a review of the most commonly used synthetic routes for DPBC in the chemical industry.

1. Hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine
   One of the most common synthetic routes for DPBC involves the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine.
   This route involves the nitration of 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine to form 4-nitrophenyl 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine, followed by hydrolysis to form DPBC.
   This route is relatively simple and efficient, and can be easily scaled up for industrial production.
   
2. Decarboxylation of 9,9'-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3'-dicarbazide
   Another commonly used synthetic route for DPBC involves the decarboxylation of 9,9'-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3'-dicarbazide.
   This involves the reaction of bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)carbonate with 2,2'-dicarbazide to form 9,9'-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3'-dicarbazide, which is subsequently decarboxylated to form DPBC.
   This route is also relatively simple and efficient, and can be easily scaled up for industrial production.
   
3. Condensation of 4-phenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline with Phenylboronic Acid
   A third synthetic route for DPBC involves the condensation of 4-phenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline with phenylboronic acid.
   This route involves the formation of 4-phenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline, followed by condensation with phenylboronic acid to form DPBC.
   This route is more complex than the other synthetic routes, but can provide a higher yield of DPBC.
   
4. Condensation of 4-nitrophenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline with 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine
   Another synthetic route for DPBC involves the condensation of 4-nitrophenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline with 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine.
   This route involves the formation of 4-nitrophenyl-2,2'-dibenzothiazoline, followed by condensation with 2,2'-dibenzoyl-6,6'-dicarbazine to form DPBC.
   This route is similar to the previous route, but uses a different starting material.
   

Overall, the synthetic routes for DPBC in the chemical industry are relatively common and well-established.
Each route has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of route will depend on the specific application and the desired yield of DPBC.
Regardless of the route used, DPBC is a versatile and widely-used synthetic chemical that has a wide