The Production Process of 4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione

The 4-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione, also known as Phenytriazole, is an organic compound that is widely used in the chemical industry.
This compound is used as a raw material in the production of various chemicals and it is also used as a intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pigments.
The production process of Phenytriazole involves several steps, which are described in detail below.

Step 1: Preparation of 2,4-Dihydroxy-6-ethylamino-s-triazine
The production of Phenytriazole begins with the preparation of 2,4-Dihydroxy-6-ethylamino-s-triazine.
This compound is prepared by reacting 2,4-Diamino-6-ethylamino-s-triazine with 3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the presence of a strong acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid.
The reaction takes place in a well-ventilated place with the help of a reflux condenser.

Step 2: Hydrolysis of 2,4-Dihydroxy-6-ethylamino-s-triazine
After the preparation of 2,4-Dihydroxy-6-ethylamino-s-triazine, it is subjected to hydrolysis.
This is done by treating the compound with water at a high temperature, usually around 100-150°C.
The hydrolysis process breaks down the amine group present in the compound into an ammonium salt, which is then treated with sodium hydroxide to obtain the required phenylhydrazine.

Step 3: Nitration of Phenylhydrazine
The next step in the production of Phenytriazole is the nitration of phenylhydrazine.
This is done by treating the phenylhydrazine with nitric acid at a controlled temperature.
The reaction is exothermic, and it is important to maintain the temperature carefully to avoid unwanted reactions.
The reaction is usually carried out in an ice bath to keep the temperature below 20°C.

Step 4: Demonstration of Nitrophenylhydrazine
After the nitration of phenylhydrazine, the next step is to show the presence of nitro groups.
This is done by treating the nitrated phenylhydrazine with a solution of sodium hydroxide.
The reaction results in the precipitation of a nitrophenol, which is insoluble in water.

Step 5: Reduction of Nitrophenylhydrazine
The final step in the production of Phenytriazole is the reduction of the nitrophenylhydrazine.
This is done by treating the nitrophenylhydrazine with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on barium sulfate.
The reaction is carried out at a low pressure and a moderate temperature, and it results in the formation of Phenytriazole.

Overall, the production process of Phenytriazole involves several steps, which are carried out in a well-controlled manner to ensure the purity and quality of the final product.
The compound is widely used in the chemical industry as a raw material and intermediate, and it plays an important role in the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.