The mystery of the memory of T-cells in the body has been revealed

, the immune system should be considered the most complex and sophisticated system in the body. It is like a national defense system, once encountering enemy feelings, you can immediately line up and fight back.
T-cells and B-cells are among the most capable "police" in the body's defenses. The primary responsibility of B cells is to produce antibodies or immunoglobulins, and when it encounters viruses, bacteria, etc., it will try to fight back. Each person has thousands of antibodies in his or her body to deal with all kinds of "enemies". Moreover, these antibodies have excellent memory and recognition, even if the "enemy" dress up, can rely on extraordinary memory, to win.
B cells, T cells are direct enemies through their own wisdom. They are always alert, constantly patrolling the body, once the enemy targets are found, at all costs, quickly organize the forces of all parties, the enemy.
Although the active CD8-T cells can effectively kill virally infected cells and tumor cells, but its effect, a very small number of T cells survive, and the survival becomes a memory T cells, and when the same virus or tumor cells are encountered again, T cells can quickly remove them, thus playing a vital role in the body's anti-tumor and anti-infective immunity process.
at present, the understanding of the activity and killing of T cells at home and abroad is relatively clear, but it is still a mystery to be solved in clarifying the mechanism of memory formation and maintenance of CD8-T cells.
recently, the Institute of Basic Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, professor Huang Bo's team of more than three years of research, revealed the key mechanisms of T-cell memory formation and maintenance, the results of the study published in the recent
journal.
" only by explaining from the mechanism how memory is formed and maintained can it be possible to keep memory longer and not be attacked by 'enemies'. "The study of yellow wave starts with sugar metabolism and finds that the sugar isogen-glycogen metabolism-phosphate-sugar pathway is the key way to form and maintain memory of CD8-T cells.
Usually glucose breakdown metabolism (sugar enzymes) is the basis for cells to obtain energy, in contrast, the synthesis of glucose (sugar isogeneity) is the body's nerve cells, red blood cells to obtain energy, sugar isogeneous is thought to occur mainly in liver cells, but the study found that sugar isogenous in memory T cells very active. Through further research, it was found that CD8-memory T-cells expressed very high the key speed limiting enzyme phosphatol-type acetone acid pyrethroid kinase (PCK1), which catalyzed oxalic acid to 6-phosphate glucose generation direction, but 6-phosphate glucose does not change into glucose, but to synthesize glycogen. Synthetic glycogen is decomposed and then produced 6-phosphate glucose, and at this time 6-phosphate glucose enters the pathway of phosphate glucosal, thus producing also prototype NADPH, maintaining a high level of reduced glutathione, timely removal of free-based cells, thereby maintaining the long-term survival of memory T cells.
" illustrates that it is of great theoretical significance for the treatment of tumor patients with memory esoteric tumor-specific T-cell regeneration. Huang Bo told reporters that oncology immunology will play an increasingly important role in tumor therapy. In addition, the study could guide vaccine development and optimization.
To this end, the journal Nature-Cell Biology also features a commentary by Joanna Olivas and Tiffany Horng of the Harvard School of Public Health, noting that the study is the first time in the world that large amounts of glycogen have been found in memory T-cells and detail the process by which glycogen is stored in memory T-cells and moves toward antioxidants.
the study was funded by the Medical and Health Science and Technology Innovation Engineering Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Professor Cao Xuetao, former president of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and just assumed the post of president of Nankai University, and Qin Xiaofeng, a professor at the Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, also participated in the study. (Source: Science.com Zhang Siwei)