The main problems and solutions of board furniture facet processing process

China Paint Online News Information: Veneer decoration is a very important process in the production of board furniture, with veneer materials to decorate the surface of furniture, cover the defects of the surface, improve the surface of the substrate wear resistance, heat resistance, water resistance and corrosion resistance, etc., at the same time can improve and improve the strength and dimensional stability of the material. However, due to the different production methods of various enterprises, in the ve surface decoration processing and use of the process, there are often some quality problems, this paper put forward corresponding measures to solve.1 Vekic decorative quality requirements
thin wood and other material veins do not allow degluing and drum bubbles do not allow obvious permeable, vesicle collage should be tight, flat, texture should be similar, there should be no dents, spots, cracks, scratches, corners and blades. In the national standards of furniture surface requirements: enterprises should strictly in accordance with the requirements of national standards to organize production, usually the internal standards of enterprises stricter than national standards.2 Veneer processing process
In front of the finish material, the sheet is fixed thick sand or surface sand, so that thickness and surface roughness meet the quality requirements of the veneer; The surface is coated with glue, and then the decorative material is applied on the surface of the coating, and the cold press or the hot press is pressurized and cured, so that the finish material is tightly pasted together with the substrate, and finally the finished sheet is trimmed and the vending work is completed.wood veins are used in the common dry paste process. Dry paste process means that the adhesive is applied to the substrate, until it is cured, and then according to the design pattern will be thin wood collage. Wet paste process can also be used. Wet paste process refers to thin wood without drying treatment (water content of more than 30) and direct glue on the substrate process, on the surface of the substrate glue, with shearing stitched thin wood group blanks on it, placed on cold pressure or hot press glue, glue after checking the quality of thin wood glue and treatment, and finally plate edge dressing, sand.3 Analysis of the main problems and causes in the production of verdes
whether thin wood verdes or decorative paper verdes in the process will produce some quality problems, the main reasons are the following.
3.1.0 substrate
smooth flatness of the substrate surface, inner surface binding strength, thickness uniformity affect the quality of the veneer.
3.1.1 substrate surface quality
plate furniture used artificial substrate, appearance quality, chemical and chemical performance must comply with the latest national standards. The surface of the substrate often has a small area of plastic spots, paraffin spots, oil and other impurities, affecting the penetration of adhesives, so that the material can not be well glued, the emergence of degluing bubbles and other problems.3.1.2 substrate thickness deviation
the national standard of man-made plate stipulates that its thickness deviation is within ±0.2mm. This creates a variety of quality problems for thin finishes.
3.2 finish material
impregnated paper over-drying will cause white spots, thickness is not equal will produce color changes. Thin wood thickness is too thin, the material structure causes the catheter is too large and the moisture content is too high will produce glue surface permeability, thin wood moisture content is large, will make the thin wood stitches appear black glue seams, seams or stitches, and sometimes make the entire plate warp deformation. Thin wood thickness is too thin to make the plate through the background color.3.2.1 Moisture content of decorative materials
Moisture content is one of the important factors affecting the quality of vechyes, which affects the viscosity of the adhesive used in the vesicle, affects the immersion of adhesives, and affects the physical properties of decorative materials. Thin wood is a kind of wood thin finish material with the characteristics of precious tree species, usually its moisture content should be 8 to 15, when the water content is low, heat transmission is slow, easy to break; Decorative paper moisture content also affects the quality of the vending, usually the processed paper stored at a temperature of 25 degrees C, humidity of 55 to 65 environment, if the decorative paper dry will appear white shift, over-tide will appear wrinkles.3.2.2 decorative material thickness
thin wood usually has a thickness range of 0.3mm to 1.5mm, when the substrate plate surface is flat, the thickness of thin wood can be smaller; Usually used in furniture companies thin wood thickness range of 0.4mm to 0.6mm, not only to meet the requirements of the venere process, but also to meet the decorative requirements of solid wood, thin wood thickness is too thin, such as a larger catheter, will cause permeable color and other phenomena. The decorative paper used should also have a certain thickness, otherwise there will also be a bottom, if the thickness is not equal, there will be color change.3.3.0 verdation process
the verdation process includes the process method, standardized operation, processing conditions and other content, is to ensure the quality of the verding key link.
3.3.1 process method
to the sheet thickness sand is to ensure that the thickness of the plate is uniform, improve the quality of the important process, poor operation or reduce the process, will cause veneer defects, and these defects in the later process can not be remedied. The glue coating process is to apply a certain amount of glue evenly to the surface of the substrate. Too much glue will make the glue layer hard, brittle, too little glue or applying the glue is not equal will produce local lack of glue, resulting in foaming, with blanks when the back of the table glue finish material needs to be symmetrical, otherwise it will cause the substrate surface force is not equal, resulting in plate warping.3.3.2 processing conditions
in the facet process to ensure good processing conditions, such as clean environment, suitable humidity and temperature and pressure. Before applying glue, to ensure that the plate surface clean, after applying glue, to prevent dust particles from falling on the board surface, otherwise, the board will have a granular protrusion.3.3.3 Standardized operation
in accordance with the process standards in the surface processing. In particular, the substrate coating process, first the adhesive according to a certain proportion of preparation, stirring evenly, and then with a special container added to the glue machine. In practice, the worker will directly add the main agent of the adhesive to the roll, and then add the modified materials such as wood powder, stirring on the glue machine. This will produce, on the one hand, the adhesive stirring is not uniform, the appearance of large particles, on the other hand, will damage the glue coating machine, after applying glue, there is a local lack of glue, particle-like protrusion and other defects.4 Measures and methods to solve the quality of the vechy surface
4.1 affilement or crack treatment
when the surface of the patch has permeable or cracks, increase the thickness of thin wood or sandwich a layer of paper between thin wood and substrate to buffer, while the moisture content of thin wood should not be too high. In addition, the appropriate reduction of thermal pressure temperature and pressure, hot pressure, the plate facing the surface stacking, reduce water evaporation. Adjust the viscosity and amount of adhesive, and increase the solid content ratio of adhesive appropriately.4.2 Patch surface grease or color spots and permeable color treatment
when the surface is contaminated with oils, lipids, waxes, can be dissolved and erased with organic solvents, commonly used solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene and acetone, can also be first scrubbed with weak alkaline sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate, and then wiped with water. The color spots on the surface, most of which are contaminated with tions, pigments and iron ions in wood, can be erased with hydrogen peroxide or 5 oxalic acid. When the plate is permeable, attach it to the substrate with slightly thicker thin wood or paper of the same color as thin wood, and then with thin wood. Another first on the substrate coloring treatment, and then thin wood method, the substrate coloring, with the method of coating directly to the substrate coloring, or a small amount of colorant added to the adhesive, in the adhesive at the same time, coloring.4.3 small area of the bubble, degluing
should first deglue or bubble to degass, and then glue treatment.use a sharp cutter to cut through the thin wood at the drum bubble to defy, inject the strong glue into the drum with a thick-headed syringe, and flatten it with an iron. For slightly larger bubbles, with sharp blades tilted in the direction of wood grain to the drum at a thin wood cut, scrape the residual glue, choose similar thin wood trimmed to the desired size, with strong glue re-glue, but note that the edge of thin wood is also cut into a slope, to ensure that the repair of thin wood and the original finish thin wood slope contact, without leaving seam marks, smooth and flat surface.4.4 large area bubble, degluing treatment
When a large area of foam, degluing, and the number of work pieces, only the means of repair can not fundamentally solve the problem, need to query the reason, and then analyze the discussion, looking for corresponding measures.
first, the venere material is torn from the surface of the substrate to observe the bonding of the venere material, substrate and adhesive at the foam. If there is almost no adhesive left on the substrate surface, indicating that the substrate does not match the adhesive used, can be replaced or modified adhesive, can also be replaced with a good quality artificial plate, or the substrate surface sanding processing, so that it obtains better surface quality, and thus improve the surface adhesive strength. If the torn finish material is stained with a lot of substrate debris, indicating that the internal binding strength of the substrate does not meet the strength requirements of the adhesive finish material, the simplest solution is to choose a substrate that meets the E1 or E0 grade. However, due to tight construction time and existing raw materials can not be wasted, it is not possible to replace adhesives or substrates, the following is the use of existing materials, from the process to solve the problem.process of treating the substrate surface: to solve the surface binding force to achieve good results.
will be the substrate surface sanding and cleaning the surface, spraying low solid content low viscosity (8 to 10s or so) of the closed primer, substrate treatment process is, because of its fast drying speed, should not be thick coating, generally sprayed again, each coating volume of 60 to 90g/m2, after coating to be completely dry, after a moderate amount of sanding can be applied to the finish material. Closed primer viscosity, good permeability, can penetrate into the depth of the substrate film, play a closed role, to prevent the substrate moisture absorption, while playing the role of viscosity and substrate debris, enhance the substrate surface binding strength. However, to take into account, the use of closed primer and the use of adhesive, paint coating match. "Bottom Treasure" primer closed effect is very good. In short, spraying closed primer is a good measure to solve the lack of binding strength or loose surface in the substrate surface.4.5 the surface of the glue appears uneven
in severe cases can be cut off, trim the surface of the component. The main reason is that the thickness deviation of the substrate is large, the thickness deviation is reduced by the fixed sand light, the change curve is stable, and the requirements of the surface process can be basically met. In addition, the surface of the plain surface artificial plate contains a higher waxy composition, which will hinder the immersion of the glue, so that the strength of the glue decreased.