The Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences revealed the material production and distribution characteristics of maize yield potential breakthrough

Recently, the crop cultivation and physiological innovation team of the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, based on the reenactment experiment of high yield records carried out in Qitai, Xinjiang for many years, combined with the relevant global literature data published in the past 50 years, expounded the material production and distribution law
of achieving a breakthrough in corn yield potential from the global scale.
On September 16, the results of the research were published online in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
.

 

How to further improve corn production, ensure food security, achieve efficient use of resources and environmental friendliness is a serious challenge
facing the world at present.
The high yield record inversion test found that the breakthrough of high yield of maize in China was mainly due to the selection of dense-tolerant varieties and the precise regulation technology of dense planting and high yield, which prolonged the relative growth period after flowering, enhanced the green holding of leaves, improved the material production capacity of the group, especially the biomass after flowering, reduced the material transfer in vegetative organs, and improved the harvest index, and the research team created a national corn high yield record for 7 consecutive times, with the highest yield record of 25.
0 tons / ha
.

 

The research team integrated the data of 119 global literature in the past 50 years and the high yield record reenactment test data carried out in Qitai, Xinjiang for five consecutive years, and analyzed the material production and distribution characteristics
of maize yield from 1.
0 to 25.
0 tons/ha.
Studies have shown that with the increase of yield level, the proportion of post-flowering growth period of maize in the total growth period has increased significantly (from low yield 40.
1% to high yield 51.
8%); The average maximum leaf area index of high-yield fields (13.
5-24.
6 tons/ha) reached 6.
74, and the maturity period remained at 3.
35
.
The pre-flowering, post-flowering and total biomass in high-yield fields increased significantly, reaching the platform (13.
49 tonnes/ha) when the yield ≥ 17 tonnes/ha; The proportion of post-flowering biomass in high-yield fields can reach more than 70%, and the nutrient transfer rate in pre-flowering vegetative organs decreases
significantly with the breakthrough of yield.
In a certain yield range, the harvest index increases significantly with the increase of production, and when the yield ≥ 10.
1 tons/ha, the harvest index reaches a stable value of 0.
52, which can be further improved to 0.
55
by selecting compact varieties and intensive planting and high-yield water and fertilizer integration and precision control technology.
The research results are of great guiding significance
for the future breeding of high-yield maize varieties and the innovation of cultivation technology with breakthrough of yield potential and efficient utilization of resources.

 

Dr.
Liu Guangzhou of the Institute of Science and Technology is the first author of the article, and Researchers Li Shaokun and Hou Peng of the Institute of Science and Technology are the corresponding authors of
the article.
The research has been funded
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the "13th Five-Year Plan" National Key Research and Development Program, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Science and Technology Innovation Project, the Institute-level Unveiling Commander-in-Chief Project, and the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973 Program).

 

Original link: https://authors.
elsevier.
com/a/1flvg_KykxhTuf