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The difference between national standard, industry standard, landmark, group standard and enterprise standard

 Last Update: 2022-09-16
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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GB National Standard: National standard refers to the standard adopted and published by national institutions
.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China: It refers to a standard that is of great significance to China's economic and technological development and must be unified across the country
.
For technical requirements that need to be unified nationwide, national standards should be formulated
.
China's national standards are planned and drafted by the standardization administrative department of the State Council, and are approved, numbered and issued in a unified manner
.
National standards apply nationwide, and other standards at all levels must not conflict with national standards
.
Once a national standard is published, its duplicated industry standards and local standards will be abolished accordingly.
National standards are the main body in the standard system
.

Mandatory national standards are technical requirements for guaranteeing personal health, safety of life and property, national security, ecological environment security, and meeting the basic needs of economic and social management
.
Recommended national standards are technical requirements that meet the basic general requirements, match with mandatory national standards, and play a leading role in various related industries
.
In order to meet the needs of the rapid development and rapid changes of standards in some fields, in 1998, a "national standardization guiding technical document" was added to the four-level standard as a supplement to the national standard
.

Mandatory national standard code: GB

Recommended national standard code: GB/T

National Standardization Guiding Technical Document Code: GB/Z

GB is the Chinese Pinyin abbreviation of "National Standard", "T" means recommendation, and "Z" means guidance
.

Industry standards: refer to technical requirements that do not have recommended national standards and need to be unified within a certain industry across the country
.

Industry standards are supplements to national standards, and are unified standards in a certain industry across the country
.
Industry standards shall be abolished on their own after the corresponding national standards are implemented
.
At present, the standardization administrative department of the State Council has approved and issued the standard codes of 67 industries
.
In the past, industry standards were also divided into mandatory standards and recommended standards.
In the latest version of the Standardization Law that took effect on January 1, 2018, mandatory industry standards have been removed
.

DB Local Standards: Local standards are those that are adopted and published in a certain region of the country
.

Local standards can be formulated for special technical requirements such as local natural conditions, customs, etc.
that do not have national standards and industry standards
.
Local standards shall be planned by the standardization administrative department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, organize the drafting, unified examination and approval, numbering and publication, and shall be reported to the standardization administrative department of the State Council and relevant administrative departments of the State Council for the record
.
Local standards apply within this administrative area
.
After the corresponding national standards or industry standards are implemented, local standards shall be abolished on their own
.

The local standard code is "DB" plus the administrative division code of the province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government.
For example, the code for Fujian is 35
.
Fujian recommended local standard code: DB35/T
.

Group standards: Group standards are independently formulated and released by groups in accordance with the standard-setting procedures established by the group, and are voluntarily adopted by the society
.

In the absence of national standards, industry standards and local standards, social groups can formulate group standards to quickly respond to innovation and market demand for standards, and the existing standards are blank
.
The state encourages social groups to formulate group standards that are stricter than national standards and industry standards, to lead the development of industries and enterprises, and to enhance the market competitiveness of products and services
.
The group standard number is composed of the group standard code (T), the social group code, the group standard sequence number and the era number
.
The social group code in the group standard number should be legal and unique, and should not duplicate the existing standard code, and should not duplicate the existing social group code on the national group standard information platform
.
For example, the T/CAS 290-2017 "Technical Guidelines for Interoperability Evaluation of Smart Home Appliance Systems" issued by the China Association for Standardization, and the T/CHEAA 0001-2017 "Cloud and Cloud Interoperability Standards for Smart Home Appliances" group standard issued by the China Household Electrical Appliances Association
.

Enterprise standards: Enterprise standards are standards formulated for the technical requirements, management requirements and work requirements that need to be coordinated and unified within the enterprise
.

The state supports the use of independent innovation technologies to formulate group standards and enterprise standards in important industries, strategic emerging industries, key common technologies and other fields
.
The requirements of enterprise product standards shall not be lower than the requirements of corresponding national standards or industry standards
.
Enterprise standards are formulated by the enterprise and approved and issued by the legal representative of the enterprise or the supervisor authorized by the legal representative
.
Enterprise product standards should be filed with the government within 30 days of release
.

Should the implementation of national standards, industry standards or corporate standards?

Simply put, national standards must be followed, and industry standards are only applicable to a single industry
.
Corporate standards are only valid within the company
.

Under normal circumstances, the order in which we choose the standard is: national standard → line standard → group standard → enterprise standard
.
When national standards, industry standards or local standards for similar products are released at the same time, how should enterprises formulate and implement standards?

When there are national standards and industrial standards, the national standards and industrial standards shall be preferred, and enterprise standards shall be formulated when there are no national standards and industrial standards
.
However, when there are national standards and industry standards, the enterprise standards formulated must be higher than the national standards and industry standards, and the enterprise standards whose indicators are lower than the national standards and industry standards are invalid standards
.

If the enterprise standard is higher than the industry standard or national standard, the registered enterprise standard can also be implemented
.
Otherwise, the national standards, industry standards and enterprise standards shall be implemented in this order
.

It can be considered that the national standard, the industrial standard and the enterprise standard are allowed to exist at the same time, but the precondition is that when formulating the standard, the enterprise standard should be superior (higher) than the industrial standard, and the industrial standard is superior (higher) than the national standard
.

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