The big trends and challenges facing the poultry industry in 2020!

Professor Yang Ning, chief scientist of the National Egg and Chicken Industry Technology System, published an article to explain the development trend and challenges of the global poultry industry, and put forward technical countermeasures for the development of China's poultry industry wyY , the global poultry industry trend
wyY, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization statistics, livestock industry developed rapidly after World War II, the growth rate of meat, egg and milk products significantly accelerated wyY In the egg product sector, East Asia's production growth rate is the most obvious in the 50 years, China as a major egg product producer played a decisive role wyY, the growth of demand for poultry products has been further disoriented by the growth of the global population, per capita income and the development of urbanization wyY Statistics Show that poultry production on all continents has been growing steadily over the past decade, and there is huge room for development wyY from 1980 to 2010, the average annual consumption of poultry meat on all continents showed the same growth trend, indicating that the global consumer demand for poultry growth is stable and reliable, there is still a huge market space to expand WyY In the past three decades, poultry consumption has grown steadily, given the decline in total meat consumption in Europe and the United States, indicating that consumption of red meat is decreasing and replaced by white meat consumption wyY In the next 40 years, the total amount of food needed globally will be the sum of the demand for the past 400 years, poultry eggs as a cheap and high-quality animal protein source, its stable supply will become the key to solve the global population of food sources, how to ensure feed sources, land resources, how to improve feed returnrate, improve the level of aquaculture, etc wyY
II, the challenges facing the development of the poultry industry
wyy 1, resource constraints wyY, according to THE FAO data, the world's per capita arable land area in 2050 will be reduced from 5100m2 in 1950 to 1500 m2 wyY and in China, the huge population base leads to the domestic per capita arable land area is far below the world average, so the situation bound by land resources is actually more severe in China ; The problem of water scarcity was mainly concentrated in Western Asia, North Africa and other regions before 1995, and now it has spread to Europe, America and East Asia WyY y expects both the U.S and China to have a 20 to 40 percent shortage on water use by 2025 wyY
2, environmental protection wyY environmental protection has become a hot topic in recent years, the poultry industry is no exception, according to estimates, the global poultry industry chain greenhouse gas emissions, East Asia is the highest, accounting for about 50% of the world; Compared with the wyY industrial chain, the emissions of the poultry industry are slightly higher than that of the poultry and egg industry Sustainable development of the poultry industry requires a high priority from environmentally friendly challenges wyY 3, disease risk wyY According to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) 2017 monitoring data, the high incidence of avian influenza outbreaks is concentrated in Asia, Europe, North America wyY bird flu problem is also the most severe test facing China's poultry industry, seriously affecting China's poultry exports wyY avian influenza virus gene recombination is very frequent, often the previously circulated virus has not been eliminated clean, new strains have emerged, according to GLEAM estimates show that China is still in the influenza epidemic area wyY
4, animal welfare wyY with the social and economic development, animal welfare is particularly concerned, at present, breeding methods, feed giving, disease prevention and control, etc are not in line with animal welfare practices, such as broken, broken toe, slaughter of 1-day-old chicks, forced feather replacement, limited feeding and so on wyY In the past, these breeding methods, which were routinely used to reduce breeding costs and increase productivity, will be included in the prohibition list wyY 5, food safety wyY poultry products in antibiotics and drug residues has been the topic of public and media attention, the community has maintained a high degree of enthusiasm and expectation for non-anti-farming, but in terms of the current level of aquaculture, to achieve completely non-anti-farming is difficult, the aquaculture industry should first do in the egg-laying period without antibiotics, to ensure that the listed poultry products do not contain antibiotics the abuse of wyY antibiotics can produce a variety of resistant strains, so a reasonable reduction in the use of antibiotics needs to be taken seriously by the aquaculture industry At present, the domestic Chinese medicine ingredients animal medicine or a future trend wyy 6, consumer concern wyY in the past production and consumption links do not have too many direct relations, there will not be too much interaction, in recent years, large retail groups abroad, fast food groups by their own products labeled "non-anti-farming" "non-cage poultry" and other labels, the use of their own enterprise influence on livestock products put forward a series of requirements, forcing aquaculture enterprises to improve animal welfare, to achieve higher food safety requirements, although it is good for consumers, but often the industry is not easy to adapt to the industry wyY
three, China's poultry industry technical countermeasures
wyYSupply and supply are problems facing both China and the global poultry industry, the poultry industry should pay attention to how to provide high-quality, diversified poultry products according to market demand to meet domestic consumers wyY 1, to cultivate varieties suitable for the needs of the Chinese market
wyY poultry industry breeding work should be to cultivate high-efficiency, high-yield, high-quality characteristics of varieties (supporting systems) as the main goal wyY y domestic has more than 180 local varieties resources and rich foreign imported varieties and innovative materials, which is a huge advantage of China's breeding materials, should be fully utilized wyY conventional breeding methods are still the main means to rely on, including: egg production analysis, production performance determination, genetic evaluation and so on wyY new molecular breeding techniques, such as the use of main genes, marker-assisted selection, genome selection, etc., can improve the accuracy of breeding and improve breeding efficiency wyY
2, the promotion of standardized scale farming technology
wyY livestock standardized scale breeding is the only way for the development of modern animal husbandry wyY At present, egg and chicken standardization construction mainly recommends two models: wYY large-scale automated production model For large-scale, commercial production of very high degree of chicken farms to moderate development, focusing on high-end branding and egg products deep processing services ; wyY Family Farm Standardized Production Model The scale of large-scale chicken farming is not entirely suitable for China's national conditions wyYY China's real chicken main body or thousands of small farmers, how to solve the rural farmers in the future technology upgrade and sales link upgrade so that it can be integrated into the industrial chain, is the industry's more important task, but also the direction of future development wyY
3, strengthen the construction of environmental protection and biosecurity system
wyYy biosecurity system construction should be the basis of epidemic prevention and control, first of all, the project prevention and control should be done well, from the standardized farm construction planning reasonable allocation, improve environmental biosafety indicators, remove the hidden danger s of epidemic prevention; WyY second breeding stage attaches importance to environmental factors, the implementation of full-in or partition farming, reduce cross-infection ; The final immune link of wyY should be properly optimized, through engineering control, culture environment control to reduce the burden of the immune link, while relying on effective vaccines, scientific immunization procedures, accurate operation, timely monitoring as a support, so that in principle so that chickens on a healthy basis to reduce vaccination, and ultimately achieve the goal of not being immunized before the age of 21 days, egg-laying stage not immune wyY 4, the aquaculture industry deeply integrated into the food industry and catering industry
wyYY in the growth and development of the aquaculture industry, market demand and consumers play a key role, only a deep understanding of consumer demand, in order to keep up with market fluctuations wyY today's consumers have more expectations of the way eggs are consumed, boiled eggs, heart eggs, hot spring eggs, dried eggs, eggs handsoap, egg pudding, egg biscuits, vinegar egg liquid and other products have been stationed in major supermarkets, to give consumers more choices, only continue to expand the product processing industry, try more types of egg products, in order to continue to open up market demand, in the relationship between supply and demand to occupy some initiative wyY 5, strengthen consumer popular science publicity
wyY China poultry industry is deeply damaged by rumors of the industry, fast-growing chicken, hormone chicken, six-wing chicken, four-legged chicken, such rumors are often interesting, as well as the effectiveness of their own news, but in the process of presentation is generally lack of professionalism wyY, although rumors about the poultry industry have been proved to be false reports, but still heard in the public wyY to this poultry industry technical workers should be closer to consumers, strengthen the end-consumer popular propaganda Industry media organizations should be keenly observed public opinion, such rumors to respond quickly, vigorously refute wyY in addition, hope that livestock and poultry enterprises can really in accordance with the requirements of the food safety law to carry out production and business activities, do not violate the law, do not exceed the standard to add preservatives and food additives, and so on, dare to assume responsibility, but also the public's right to know wyY 6, animal welfare steadily, rational advance
wyYU U.S started in 2015, the proportion of non-traditional caged poultry began to rise significantly, is expected to reach 72% by 2025, which shows the U.S poultry industry's determination and enforcement of the improvement in animal welfare levels wyYy as a technical worker in China's poultry industry, we should actively study the corresponding technical countermeasures, improve the technical reserves, in the animal welfare movement should also be rational and prudent treatment, should take full account of China's national conditions under the premise of steady progress, try to avoid the politicization of technology, out of a path of animal welfare with Chinese characteristics wyy

(Author: Yang Ning)